A client has an order for a nitroglycerin transdermal patch. The best way to ensure proper administration of this medication is to:
apply it behind the ear.
place it over a hairy skin area.
rotate sites to avoid skin irritation.
put the initials on patch when applied.
The Correct Answer is C
A) Apply it behind the ear: This option is not correct. Nitroglycerin patches are typically applied to hairless areas of the skin to ensure proper adhesion and absorption. The preferred locations are usually the chest, upper arm, or thigh.
B) Place it over a hairy skin area: This action is inappropriate as hair can interfere with the adhesion of the patch and may affect absorption. It is essential to apply the patch to a clean, dry, and hairless area for optimal effectiveness.
C) Rotate sites to avoid skin irritation: This is the correct action. Rotating the application site helps prevent skin irritation and allows for better absorption of the medication. It also reduces the risk of sensitization or reaction at any one site.
D) Put the initials on the patch when applied: While documenting the application is important, simply putting initials on the patch is not sufficient for ensuring proper administration. It is more crucial to ensure that the patch is applied correctly, and monitoring for skin integrity and effectiveness should be part of the nursing care plan.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Measure liquid medication by bringing liquid medication cup to eye level: This is the correct action. Measuring liquid medications at eye level ensures accuracy and helps the nurse confirm the correct dosage, minimizing the risk of administration errors.
B) Crush enteric-coated medication and place it in a medication cup with water: This option is incorrect. Enteric-coated medications are designed to dissolve in the intestine, not in the stomach, and crushing them can alter their effectiveness and increase the risk of side effects. These medications should be administered whole.
C) Place all of the client's medications in the same cup, except medications with assessments: This option is not advisable without knowing how the medications interact. Certain medications may have specific requirements for administration and should not be mixed together, as this could lead to confusion or adverse reactions.
D) Remove the medication from the wrapper and place it in a cup labeled with the client's information: While labeling is crucial for safety, medications should ideally be kept in their original packaging until administration to prevent confusion and ensure that the nurse has all necessary information about the medication at hand. Medications should only be removed when preparing for immediate administration.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Upward and back: This direction is appropriate for adults and older children but not for infants. The anatomy of an infant's ear canal requires a different approach for effective eardrop administration.
B) Upward and outward: This option is also incorrect for infants. Similar to option A, this technique does not effectively account for the anatomical differences in an infant's ear canal.
C) Downward and back: This is the correct action when administering eardrops to an infant. Pulling the auricle downward and back straightens the ear canal, allowing for better access to deeper structures and ensuring that the drops reach the intended area.
D) Downward and inward: This direction is not appropriate for straightening the ear canal. The correct technique is to pull downward and back to achieve the desired angle for effective administration of eardrops in infants.