A client exhibits muscular tremors, drooling, gait changes, and spasms. When reviewing the client's medication history, which would the nurse most likely find?
antipsychotic agent
antidiabetic agent
general anesthetic
anticholinergic agent
The Correct Answer is A
A. An antipsychotic agent, particularly first-generation antipsychotics, can cause extrapyramidal symptoms such as tremors, drooling, gait changes, and spasms due to their dopamine-blocking effects in the brain.
B. An antidiabetic agent does not typically cause these neurological symptoms; its primary effects are related to glucose metabolism.
C. A general anesthetic is used to induce unconsciousness and does not generally result in muscular tremors or drooling.
D. An anticholinergic agent can cause side effects like dry mouth and constipation but does not typically lead to the muscular symptoms described; in fact, it may reduce drooling.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Administering a stool softener is essential as opioids like morphine commonly cause constipation, and this proactive measure helps mitigate that adverse effect.
B. While auscultating the lungs is important to monitor respiratory function, it does not specifically address a common adverse effect of morphine.
C. Encouraging active range of motion exercises can help prevent complications from immobility but does not directly address the most common adverse effect of morphine.
D. Applying calf compressors can help prevent deep vein thrombosis, but it is not the most effective action for addressing the specific adverse effects of morphine use.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
A. Improved sleep is correct; an effective antidepressant can help normalize sleep patterns, which is a positive indicator of treatment efficacy.
B. Decreased anxiety is correct; fluoxetine is also effective in treating anxiety symptoms, so a reduction indicates the medication is working.
C. Reduced appetite is incorrect; while some individuals may experience appetite changes, a reduced appetite is not an indicator of effectiveness and could indicate a side effect.
D. Weight loss is incorrect; while weight loss can occur, it is not a definitive measure of the effectiveness of fluoxetine and can also signify side effects.
E. Interest in physical activity is correct; an increase in motivation and engagement in activities is a strong indicator of improvement in depressive symptoms.