A client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes suddenly reports feeling weak, shaky, and dizzy. What should be the nurse's initial response?
Perform a blood sugar analysis.
Have the client drink a 4-ounce (120-mL) glass of orange juice.
Administer 1 ampule of 50% dextrose intravenously.
Administer 10 units of regular insulin subcutaneously.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Performing a blood sugar analysis is important, but in the case of sudden symptoms such as weakness, shakiness, and dizziness, it is crucial to act quickly to address the potential hypoglycemia without delay.
B. Having the client drink a 4-ounce glass of orange juice is the most appropriate initial response as it provides a quick source of glucose to alleviate symptoms of hypoglycemia, which is a common concern in clients with type 1 diabetes experiencing these symptoms.
C. Administering 1 ampule of 50% dextrose intravenously is an effective treatment for hypoglycemia but is typically reserved for severe cases where the patient is unable to consume oral glucose or is unconscious.
D. Administering 10 units of regular insulin subcutaneously would exacerbate the problem by lowering blood sugar further and is contraindicated in a patient experiencing hypoglycemic symptoms.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
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B. While a dry cough may be relevant for other medications, it is not a primary concern when assessing for the use of pseudoephedrine.
C. Recent use of antibiotics is not directly related to the safety of using pseudoephedrine and is not a typical concern.
D. A history of seizures is not a specific contraindication for using pseudoephedrine, although it may warrant caution in some cases.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The patient’s statement about the peak of NPH insulin being 6-12 hours is correct; it is important to know when to monitor for hypoglycemia.
B. Taking NPH before breakfast is appropriate, as it is typically given in the morning to provide coverage for meals throughout the day.
C. The duration of NPH insulin lasting for 12-18 hours is accurate, which is crucial for understanding how long the patient can expect blood glucose control.
D. NPH insulin should not be taken right before meals as it does not act quickly enough to cover immediate carbohydrate intake. Rapid-acting insulin is typically used for that purpose, indicating a need for further teaching.