A client began taking hydrochlorothiazide 1 week ago and is reporting occasional dizziness when standing up quickly from sitting or lying. What is the nurse's best action?
Arrange for the client's potassium levels to be assessed as soon as possible
Teach the client about the blood pressure effects of the medication and relevant safety measures.
Educate the client about the need for bed rest until the body adjusts to the new medication.
Tell the client to withhold the medication until the client can be assessed by the primary health care provider.
The Correct Answer is B
A. While assessing potassium levels is important for clients on diuretics, the immediate concern is the client's dizziness, which indicates a potential issue with blood pressure.
B. Teaching the client about the potential for orthostatic hypotension caused by hydrochlorothiazide and instructing them on safety measures (e.g., standing up slowly) is crucial to prevent falls and address the dizziness.
C. Bed rest is not necessary; the client should be educated about managing dizziness instead.
D. Withholding the medication is not warranted unless directed by a healthcare provider; the focus should be on safety education.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Chest pain and pale skin are not typical adverse effects associated with diltiazem use.
B. Shortness of breath and wheezing may occur due to other conditions or medications but are not common adverse effects of diltiazem.
C. Calcium channel blockers like diltiazem can cause peripheral edema due to vasodilation and bradycardia as a result of their action on the heart rate. Monitoring for these effects is essential in patients taking diltiazem.
D. Tachycardia is not an expected adverse effect of diltiazem; in fact, it is used to manage conditions where tachycardia may be present. Anxiety is also not a direct adverse effect of this medication.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Sublingual administration involves placing the tablet under the tongue, not between the cheek and gums.
B. Transdermal refers to medication delivered through the skin via a patch, which is not applicable in this scenario.
C. Buccal administration involves placing the medication between the cheek and gums, allowing it to dissolve and be absorbed through the oral mucosa.
D. Translingual refers to administering a medication via the tongue, which is not the route being used in this case.