A client asks the nurse to look at a mole located on the back. The client tells the nurse that the mole has changed from brown to black and enlarged in size. Which is the priority nursing action?
Advise the client to see his healthcare provider for immediate evaluation.
Encourage the client to keep checking the mole with a magnifying mirror.
Ask the client if he often spends time outside in the sun without a shirt.
Offer to teach a family member how to monitor the skin around the mole.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Changes in a mole's color, size, or shape could indicate melanoma, a serious type of skin cancer. Immediate evaluation by a healthcare provider is critical for early diagnosis and treatment.
B. While monitoring the mole is important, immediate professional evaluation is the priority to rule out malignancy.
C. Assessing sun exposure is relevant for skin cancer risk, but it is not the immediate priority in this scenario.
D. Teaching a family member to monitor the mole is not sufficient when there is a significant change that requires professional evaluation.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Acetaminophen, especially in high doses or with prolonged use, is known to cause hepatotoxicity, which can lead to jaundice. Notifying the healthcare provider is crucial to prevent further liver damage.
B. Captopril, an ACE inhibitor used for hypertension, is not commonly associated with jaundice or liver dysfunction.
C. Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor used for GERD, is less likely to cause liver damage compared to acetaminophen.
D. Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can have many side effects, but hepatotoxicity is not among the most common, making acetaminophen the most concerning drug in this context.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The history of coronary artery bypass surgery is important but does not directly relate to the current symptoms.
B. A recent colonoscopy is not relevant to the client's current symptoms.
C. Long-term use of digoxin and furosemide is highly significant as these medications can lead to digoxin toxicity, especially in the context of dehydration or renal insufficiency. Symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are classic signs of digoxin toxicity.
D. A history of depression is important but not immediately relevant to the current symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia.