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A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about substance use disorders during pregnancy.
Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A.

Encourage clients who are prescribed methadone to breastfeed.

B.

Methamphetamine use during pregnancy is associated with fetal macrosomia.

C.

Environmental stimuli should be increased during the neonatal period.

D.

Increased head circumference is an expected finding in a newborn who has fetal alcohol syndrome.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Methadone is often prescribed to pregnant women with opioid use disorder and is considered safe for breastfeeding. Breastfeeding can provide additional benefits such as bonding

and transferring antibodies to the infant.

 

Choice B rationale

Methamphetamine use during pregnancy is linked to fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and low birth weight, not fetal macrosomia (large body size).

 

Choice C rationale

Reducing environmental stimuli is essential for neonates exposed to substances in utero. Increased stimuli can overwhelm their underdeveloped nervous systems, leading to stress

and adverse outcomes.

 

Choice D rationale

Fetal alcohol syndrome is characterized by growth deficiencies, facial abnormalities, and central nervous system dysfunction. An increased head circumference is not a typical

feature; rather, microcephaly (small head circumference) is more common.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Monitoring blood pressure every 30 minutes following epidural placement is important but not the initial action. Epidural anesthesia can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure, so

frequent monitoring is crucial. However, the initial step should focus on preventing hypotension.

Choice B rationale

Administering lactated Ringer's 500 mL bolus via intermittent IV infusion prior to epidural placement helps in maintaining blood pressure. Epidural anesthesia can cause vasodilation,

leading to hypotension. Preloading with fluids ensures adequate blood volume and reduces the risk of a significant drop in blood pressure.

Choice C rationale

Administering oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min prior to epidural placement is not necessary unless the client has respiratory complications. Oxygen supplementation is used to

treat or prevent hypoxia, which is not a primary concern in this scenario.

Choice D rationale

Repositioning the client every hour following epidural placement is important to ensure even distribution of the anesthetic and prevent pressure sores. However, this is not the initial

action to take for preventing hypotension.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Giving glucose water after feedings is not recommended for newborns undergoing phototherapy. Breastfeeding or formula feeding should be continued to provide adequate nutrition and hydration.

Choice B rationale

Instructing the client to avoid breastfeeding during treatment is not necessary. Breastfeeding should continue to promote bonding, provide nutrition, and help with the infant's hydration and bilirubin excretion.

Choice C rationale

Monitoring intake and output is crucial for a newborn receiving phototherapy to ensure proper hydration and assess the effectiveness of the treatment in lowering bilirubin levels.

Choice D rationale

Applying lotions and ointments throughout the treatment is not recommended, as they can interfere with the effectiveness of phototherapy. The skin should be clean and dry to maximize exposure to the phototherapy light.

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