A breastfeeding mother calls the obstetrician's office with a complaint of pain in one breast. Upon inspection, a diagnosis of mastitis is made.
Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate?
Advise the woman to apply ice packs to her breasts.
Encourage the woman to breastfeed frequently.
Inform the woman that she should wean immediately.
Direct the woman to notify her pediatrician as soon as possible.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Applying ice packs can help reduce pain and swelling, but it is not the best intervention for a breastfeeding mother with mastitis. Ice can constrict blood vessels and may hinder milk
flow, which can exacerbate the condition.
Choice B rationale
Frequent breastfeeding helps to empty the affected breast and prevent milk stasis, reducing the risk of abscess formation and promoting faster healing. The mechanical action of
nursing can help clear the infection and provide relief.
Choice C rationale
Weaning immediately is not advised as it can lead to engorgement and milk stasis, worsening the infection. Continuing to breastfeed ensures the breast is regularly emptied, aiding
in recovery.
Choice D rationale
While notifying the pediatrician may be necessary if the baby is affected, it does not directly address the mother's condition or provide immediate relief. Primary management focuses
on treating the infection and maintaining milk flow.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
History of preterm birth is the principal risk factor for predicting preterm birth. Previous preterm births significantly increase the likelihood of subsequent preterm deliveries due to
underlying etiological factors.
Choice B rationale
Low prepregnancy weight is a risk factor but not as significant as a history of preterm birth. It can contribute to complications in pregnancy but does not have the same predictive value.
Choice C rationale
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of preterm birth but is not the principal risk factor. It is a modifiable behavior that contributes to poor pregnancy outcomes.
Choice D rationale
Obesity can impact pregnancy outcomes but is not the principal risk factor for preterm birth. It is associated with other complications rather than directly predicting preterm delivery.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Placing a pacifier in the baby's mouth is inappropriate because it does not address the underlying cause of grunting, which can be a sign of respiratory distress.
Choice B rationale
Checking the baby's diaper is not relevant to assessing the cause of grunting. Grunting is usually related to respiratory issues rather than a dirty diaper.
Choice C rationale
Having the mother feed the baby is inappropriate because grunting may indicate respiratory distress. Feeding should be deferred until the baby's respiratory status is assessed and stabilized.
Choice D rationale
Assessing the respiratory rate is appropriate because grunting in a newborn can indicate respiratory distress. The nurse should evaluate the respiratory status to determine the need for further intervention.