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A 70-year-old male receiving high-dose IV furosemide for heart failure complains of ringing in his ears and dizziness. His current labs show normal potassium and sodium levels. What is the nurse's most appropriate intervention?

A.

Increase the infusion rate and check the patient's sodium levels again in 2 hours

B.

Administer potassium supplements and continue the infusion

C.

Reassure the patient that the symptoms are temporary and continue monitoring

D.

Stop the furosemide infusion and notify the provider

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increasing the infusion rate may exacerbate the patient's symptoms and does not address the potential toxicity from the furosemide.  

 

B. Normal potassium levels indicate that potassium supplementation is unnecessary and does not address the dizziness and ringing in the ears, which could suggest ototoxicity from furosemide.  

 

C. While reassurance can help, the patient's symptoms indicate a potential adverse reaction to the medication that should not be ignored.  

 

D. Stopping the furosemide infusion and notifying the provider is the most appropriate action due to the risk of ototoxicity and the need for further evaluation of the patient's symptoms.


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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Obstructive shock occurs when blood flow is physically obstructed, such as in cases of pulmonary embolism or cardiac tamponade, which is not indicated here as the cause is blood loss.

B. Septic shock is related to infection and systemic inflammatory response, not directly caused by blood loss.

C. Hypovolemic shock is caused by a significant loss of blood volume, leading to decreased blood pressure, which directly relates to the client losing 800 mL of blood during surgery. This condition results in inadequate perfusion and oxygen delivery to tissues.

D. Neurogenic shock results from spinal cord injuries leading to vasodilation and bradycardia, which is not applicable to this scenario.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Binding is the initial step where the HIV virus attaches to the CD4 receptor on the host cell's surface. This interaction is crucial for the subsequent entry of the virus into the host cell.

B. Integration occurs later in the lifecycle, after the virus has entered the host cell and its RNA is converted to DNA.

C. Fusion refers to the process where the viral envelope fuses with the host cell membrane to allow entry into the cell, which follows the binding stage.

D. Reverse Transcription is the process of converting viral RNA into DNA after the virus has entered the host cell, and is not involved in the attachment phase.

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