A 3-month-old is admitted with severe diarrhea. Yesterday, the infant weighed 11 pounds (5 kg). Today, this infant weighs 9 pounds, 8 ounces (4.3 kg). Based on this information, the nurse documents that the infant has:
Failure to thrive.
Malabsorption syndrome.
Severe dehydration.
Risk for fluid volume deficit.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Failure to thrive is a condition where a child does not gain weight or grow as expected. While severe diarrhea can contribute to failure to thrive, the immediate concern in this scenario is the significant weight loss indicating severe dehydration.
Choice B rationale
Malabsorption syndrome involves the inability to absorb nutrients properly, leading to malnutrition and weight loss. However, the acute weight loss in this case is more indicative of severe dehydration.
Choice C rationale
Severe dehydration is characterized by significant fluid loss, which can be life-threatening in infants. The weight loss from 11 pounds to 9 pounds, 8 ounces indicates a substantial fluid loss, pointing to severe dehydration.
Choice D rationale
Risk for fluid volume deficit is a potential diagnosis, but the significant weight loss and clinical presentation indicate that the infant is already experiencing severe dehydration.
Free Nursing Test Bank
- Free Pharmacology Quiz 1
- Free Medical-Surgical Quiz 2
- Free Fundamentals Quiz 3
- Free Maternal-Newborn Quiz 4
- Free Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 5
- Free Obstetrics and Pediatrics Quiz 6
- Free Fluid and Electrolytes Quiz 7
- Free Community Health Quiz 8
- Free Promoting Health across the Lifespan Quiz 9
- Free Multidimensional Care Quiz 10
View Related questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Environment plays a significant role in a child’s growth and development, including factors like socioeconomic status, access to education, and living conditions. However, it can be altered to some extent.
Choice B rationale
Genetics is the largest factor impacting growth and development that cannot be altered. Genetic factors determine physical characteristics, susceptibility to certain diseases, and overall growth patterns.
Choice C rationale
Socialization influences a child’s development, including social skills and behavior. While important, it can be influenced and altered through various interventions.
Choice D rationale
Nutrition is crucial for growth and development, affecting physical and cognitive development. However, it can be modified through dietary changes and interventions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Explaining the difference between right and wrong is a developmental task expected of older children, typically preschoolers or early school-aged children. Toddlers are still developing their understanding of rules and consequences.
Choice B rationale
Printing letters and numbers is a skill expected of preschoolers or early school-aged children. Toddlers are still developing fine motor skills and are not yet capable of printing letters and numbers.
Choice C rationale
Cooperating in doing simple chores is a developmental task that can be expected of toddlers. However, it is not as specific or significant as the ability to separate easily from the primary caregiver for short periods of time, which is a key developmental milestone for toddlers.
Choice D rationale
Separating easily from the primary caregiver for short periods of time is an important developmental milestone for toddlers. It indicates that the child is developing a sense of independence and trust in their environment, which is crucial for their social and emotional development.