Which of the following scenarios gives the most absolute confirmation client learning has taken place? Select all that apply.
A client demonstrates how to inject insulin into the abdomen
A client attends a course on exercise techniques
A client watches the nurse apply a dressing
A client lists food choices that are considered part of a healthy diet
A client nods when told how to take the blood pressure medication
Correct Answer : A,D
A. Demonstrating an insulin injection shows hands-on learning and mastery of the skill.
B. Attending a course does not confirm comprehension or skill.
C. Watching a nurse apply a dressing does not guarantee learning; active participation is necessary.
D. Listing healthy food choices indicates understanding of dietary education.
E. Nodding does not confirm learning; it may only indicate acknowledgment.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
A. Edema is a common finding in heart failure due to fluid retention.
B. Shortness of breath occurs due to fluid accumulation in the lungs, common in heart failure.
C. Increased appetite is not typical in heart failure; decreased appetite is more common.
D. Weight gain due to fluid retention is more common in heart failure, rather than extreme weight loss.
E. Jugular vein distention is a classic sign of right-sided heart failure due to increased central venous pressure.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The closure of the pulmonic and mitral valves corresponds to heart sound S1, not S2.
B. The tricuspid and mitral valves close with S1.
C. Heart sound S2 represents the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves, signaling the end of systole and the beginning of diastole.
D. The mitral valve closes with S1, not S2.
E. The pulmonic and tricuspid valves do not correspond with S2.