The nurse provides a client with a dose of the beta-selective adrenergic agonist isoproterenol. Which assessment finding indicates the medication is effective?
Constricted pupils
Warm, dry skin
Increased heart rate
Decreased urine output
The Correct Answer is C
A. Constricted pupils are not an expected response to isoproterenol, which generally causes dilation of the pupils due to sympathetic stimulation.
B. Warm, dry skin is not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of isoproterenol; it could result from various factors unrelated to the medication's action.
C. Increased heart rate indicates that isoproterenol, which is a beta-agonist, is effectively stimulating the beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to increased cardiac output and heart rate.
D. Decreased urine output is not a sign of effectiveness and could indicate adverse effects such as reduced renal perfusion.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Administering drugs is a fundamental duty of the nurse, ensuring that medications are given safely and according to protocols.
B. Monitoring clients for drug effects is crucial for assessing the effectiveness of medications and identifying any adverse reactions or complications.
C. Prescribing drugs is not a duty performed by nurses, as this responsibility typically falls under the purview of licensed practitioners such as physicians or nurse practitioners.
D. Evaluating clients for toxic effects is part of the nurse's responsibility to ensure patient safety and to respond to any signs of medication toxicity.
E. Educating clients/caregivers about drugs is a vital role for nurses, as it helps patients understand their medications and the importance of adherence to prescribed regimens.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine commonly used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including seizures. It acts quickly to reduce anxiety and seizure activity.
B. Phenytoin is primarily used for seizure control in conditions such as epilepsy but is not the first-line treatment for alcohol withdrawal seizures.
C. Ethosuximide is specifically used for absence seizures and is not effective for alcohol withdrawal.
D. Gabapentin is sometimes used for neuropathic pain but is not indicated for acute alcohol withdrawal or seizure management.