The nurse is preparing to turn the patient who sustained a spinal cord injury. How should the nurse proceed?
Use a draw sheet to move the patient
Have the patient grasp the side rail and assist with turning
Cross the lower extremities, turn the hips then turn the shoulders
With one person holding the head, 2 others log roll the client as a unit
The Correct Answer is D
A. Using a draw sheet may cause twisting, which can compromise spinal alignment.
B. Asking the patient to assist may risk further spinal injury.
C. Turning hips and shoulders separately risks disrupting spinal alignment, making this an unsafe approach.
D. Log rolling is the safest way to turn a patient with a spinal cord injury, maintaining spinal alignment and preventing further injury. It requires one person to stabilize the head while others turn the body as a single unit.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Touching a patient’s shoulder does not pose a risk of HIV transmission, as it is not spread through casual skin contact.
B. While recapping needles is discouraged due to the risk of needlestick injury, it is not an exposure unless an actual needlestick occurs.
C. Not wearing a mask is typically not necessary in all interactions with HIV/AIDS patients unless there is an active infection requiring airborne precautions.
D. Exposure of bodily fluids to mucous membranes (such as the eyes) is a significant occupational exposure risk and should be reported. This requires immediate response and evaluation for potential infection.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Scheduled voiding is less effective in patients with a flaccid bladder because there is no voluntary control of bladder function.
B. Intermittent catheterization is the preferred management technique for a flaccid or atonic bladder, allowing the bladder to empty at regular intervals and reducing the risk of infection associated with continuous catheters.
C. An indwelling catheter is usually avoided for long-term use due to a higher risk of infection.
D. An external catheter is generally not effective for flaccid or atonic bladder management in spinal cord injuries as it doesn’t actively empty the bladder.