The nurse is caring for a client with swelling to the distal phalanges, first big toe, and 10/10 pain. Which medication below would be administered for this client's acute gout?
allopurinol
febuxostat
colchicine
physostigmine
The Correct Answer is C
A. Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for chronic gout management and prevention, not for acute attacks.
B. Febuxostat is also used for chronic management of gout and not effective for immediate relief of an acute attack.
C. Colchicine is indicated for the treatment of acute gout flares as it helps reduce inflammation and pain associated with gout attacks.
D. Physostigmine is an antidote for anticholinergic toxicity and has no role in treating gout.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that can be used for hypertension and edema but is not specifically indicated for open-angle glaucoma.
B. Furosemide is a loop diuretic used primarily for fluid overload conditions and does not have a specific role in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma.
C. Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that reduces aqueous humor production and is specifically used to lower intraocular pressure in clients with open-angle glaucoma.
D. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic used mainly for conditions like heart failure and hypertension, and it is not indicated for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma.
Correct Answer is ["C","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Rebound hypotension is more commonly associated with abrupt withdrawal of beta-blockers rather than a direct side effect, so it is not typically included as a side effect to expect while on the medication.
B. Vomiting is not a common side effect associated with propranolol; the nurse would not educate the client on this.
C. Bradycardia is a known side effect of propranolol, as it is a beta-blocker that decreases heart rate, so clients should be educated about monitoring their heart rate.
D. Tremors can be related to withdrawal from beta-agonists rather than propranolol, which may alleviate tremors in some individuals; thus, it's not a common side effect of the medication.
E. Propranolol can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia (e.g., tachycardia), making it important for clients with diabetes to be aware of this potential effect.
F. Bronchoconstriction can occur in clients with reactive airway diseases, as propranolol non-selectively blocks beta receptors, so clients should be educated about this risk, especially if they have asthma or other pulmonary conditions.