Mr. Sprat is a 21-year-old patient who complains of nasal congestion. He admits to using recreational drugs. On examination, you have noted a septal perforation. Which recreational drug is commonly associated with nasal septum perforation?
heroin
ecstasy
cocaine
marijuana
The Correct Answer is C
A. Heroin use is generally associated with intravenous use and is less commonly linked to nasal septum perforation.
B. Ecstasy (MDMA) is primarily used in tablet form and is not typically associated with nasal use that would cause septal perforation.
C. Cocaine is frequently snorted, which can lead to irritation and damage to the nasal passages and septum, resulting in perforation.
D. Marijuana is usually smoked rather than snorted, and it is not commonly associated with nasal septum perforation.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Observing for facial symmetry assesses cranial nerves VII (facial nerve), not cranial nerve III.
B. Cranial nerve III (oculomotor nerve) is responsible for eye movement and pupillary response, making checking the pupillary response to light the correct action.
C. Testing visual acuity primarily assesses cranial nerve II (optic nerve), not cranial nerve III.
D. Eliciting the gag reflex is associated with cranial nerves IX (glossopharyngeal) and X (vagus), not cranial nerve III.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The iliac pulse is located near the pelvis and is not used for assessing circulation in the lower extremities.
B. The femoral pulse is located in the upper thigh, not near the posterior tibial area.
C. The popliteal pulse is found at the back of the knee and is higher than the posterior tibial location.
D. The posterior tibial pulse is correctly located behind the medial malleolus on the inner side of the ankle. This location is where the posterior tibial artery is accessible and is commonly used to assess blood flow to the lower extremities.