Mr. Sprat is a 21-year-old patient who complains of nasal congestion. He admits to using recreational drugs. On examination, you have noted a septal perforation. Which recreational drug is commonly associated with nasal septum perforation?
heroin
ecstasy
cocaine
marijuana
The Correct Answer is C
A. Heroin use is generally associated with intravenous use and is less commonly linked to nasal septum perforation.
B. Ecstasy (MDMA) is primarily used in tablet form and is not typically associated with nasal use that would cause septal perforation.
C. Cocaine is frequently snorted, which can lead to irritation and damage to the nasal passages and septum, resulting in perforation.
D. Marijuana is usually smoked rather than snorted, and it is not commonly associated with nasal septum perforation.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Restlessness is an objective sign that may indicate pain, but it is not a subjective report from the client.
B. Pupil dilation is an objective physiological response often associated with pain or stress, not a subjective indicator.
C. A report of a burning sensation is a subjective indicator because it is based on the client’s own description of their pain experience.
D. Grimacing is an objective observation by the nurse, not a subjective report from the client.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The planning phase involves setting goals and determining interventions based on the assessment data.
B. The assessment phase is where the nurse gathers information about the client's health history, including potential allergies, which is essential for safe care and diagnostic testing.
C. The implementation phase involves carrying out the planned interventions, which would include considerations for allergies but not the initial questioning about them.
D. The evaluation phase assesses the effectiveness of the interventions and the client's response to care, which is not the appropriate time to inquire about allergies.