In which of the following areas should a nurse administer an injection for a newborn infant?
Deltoid muscle.
Vastus lateralis.
Gluteus maximus.
Rectus femoris.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
The deltoid muscle is not recommended for newborns due to its small size and underdevelopment.
Choice B rationale
The vastus lateralis muscle is well-developed in newborns and has a large enough surface area to safely accommodate injections.
Choice C rationale
The gluteus maximus muscle is not suitable for newborn injections due to the risk of nerve damage.
Choice D rationale
The rectus femoris muscle is less commonly used due to the potential for more pain and discomfort.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Playing might cause irregular breathing patterns due to excitement or activity, making it hard to get an accurate respiratory rate.
Choice B rationale
Crying can alter the normal breathing rate and pattern, resulting in an inaccurate assessment of respirations.
Choice C rationale
Sleeping provides the most accurate assessment of respirations, as the infant’s breathing will be at its natural, resting rate.
Choice D rationale
Laughing, similar to crying, causes irregular breathing patterns due to physical exertion and emotions, affecting accuracy.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Vitamin K has no role in stabilizing blood glucose levels; hypoglycemia in newborns is managed differently.
Choice B rationale
Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting, and newborns typically have low stores at birth, necessitating supplementation to prevent bleeding disorders.
Choice C rationale
There is no established link between maternal fever and the need for vitamin K; prophylaxis is standard for all newborns regardless of maternal health.
Choice D rationale
Newborns do not have sufficient prothrombin or other clotting factors, which is why vitamin K administration is critical.