In the conduction system of the heart, which of the following components is stimulated after the sinoatrial node?
Left bundle branch
Purkinje fibers
Right bundle branch
Atrioventricular node
The Correct Answer is D
A. Left bundle branch: The left bundle branch is stimulated after the atrioventricular node and bundle of His, not immediately after the sinoatrial node.
B. Purkinje fibers: The Purkinje fibers are stimulated later in the conduction pathway, after the bundle branches.
C. Right bundle branch: The right bundle branch is also stimulated after the atrioventricular node and bundle of His.
D. Atrioventricular node: After the sinoatrial node initiates the heartbeat, the electrical impulse travels to the atrioventricular node, which then passes the signal to the bundle of His and down to the bundle branches.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Clean the perineal area from back to front.": For females, cleaning should be done from front to back to avoid contamination from fecal matter. For males, cleaning should be done around the urethral opening.
B. "Void a small amount into the toilet before voiding into the cup.": This helps to flush out any contaminants from the urethra, ensuring that the urine collected in the cup is as clean as possible.
C. "Urinate directly into the container with preservative.": Urinating directly into a container with preservative can contaminate the sample and is not recommended for a clean catch specimen.
D. "Collect all urine from start to finish.": The clean catch method specifically involves discarding the initial stream of urine and collecting the midstream to avoid contaminants.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Ischemia: Ischemia refers to the lack of blood flow to tissues, which can lead to tissue damage or death, but it is not related to swelling due to fluid accumulation.
B. Edema: Edema is the correct term for tissue swelling caused by the accumulation of interstitial fluids, making this the correct choice.
C. Infarction: Infarction refers to tissue death due to a lack of blood supply, not to swelling caused by fluid accumulation.
D. Gangrene: Gangrene is the death of body tissue due to a lack of blood flow or severe infection, not related to fluid accumulation and swelling.