In the conduction system of the heart, which of the following components is stimulated after the sinoatrial node?
Left bundle branch
Purkinje fibers
Right bundle branch
Atrioventricular node
The Correct Answer is D
A. Left bundle branch: The left bundle branch is stimulated after the atrioventricular node and bundle of His, not immediately after the sinoatrial node.
B. Purkinje fibers: The Purkinje fibers are stimulated later in the conduction pathway, after the bundle branches.
C. Right bundle branch: The right bundle branch is also stimulated after the atrioventricular node and bundle of His.
D. Atrioventricular node: After the sinoatrial node initiates the heartbeat, the electrical impulse travels to the atrioventricular node, which then passes the signal to the bundle of His and down to the bundle branches.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Take the patient's pulse for 5 seconds and multiply by 10: Measuring for 5 seconds and multiplying by 10 is less accurate due to the short measurement time.
B. Take the patient's pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 2: While this method is more accurate than taking it for 5 seconds, the recommended practice is to measure for 30 seconds for better accuracy.
C. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 4: This would be used to determine a pulse rate per minute from a 15-second measurement, not 30 seconds.
D. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2: This method provides a precise measurement of the pulse rate, as taking the pulse for 30 seconds and then multiplying by 2 gives the number of beats per minute.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Thoracentesis: Thoracentesis is a procedure to remove fluid from the space between the lungs and the chest wall; it is not a reconstruction.
B. Rhinoplasty: Rhinoplasty is a surgical reconstruction of the nose, often performed for cosmetic or functional reasons.
C. Appendectomy: Appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix, not a reconstructive surgery.
D. Colotomy: Colotomy is the surgical incision into the colon, not a reconstructive procedure.