As a new manager, you are shocked to learn that your unit is still using heparin in heparin locks. You are aware of evidence related to this practice and want to change this practice as quickly as possible on your unit. You are in which stage of Lewin's stages of change?
Refreezing
Moving
Unfreezing
Experiencing the change
The Correct Answer is C
A. Refreezing is the stage where changes are solidified and new behaviors are established after the change has been implemented. This is not the current stage since you are still in the process of identifying the need for change.
B. Moving involves the actual implementation of the change, but you have not yet begun this phase; you're still recognizing the need for change.
C. Unfreezing is characterized by recognizing the need for change and creating awareness about it. Since you are shocked by the outdated practice and want to initiate change, you are in this stage as you prepare for the transition.
D. Experiencing the change is not one of Lewin's stages and does not accurately describe your current situation of acknowledging the need for change.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) ensures patients are informed of their rights, but it does not provide a basis for changing a living will when a patient is incapacitated.
B. A durable power of attorney for health care can make decisions on behalf of the client but cannot simply cancel the living will without considering the client's wishes as outlined in it.
C. Family members cannot arbitrarily change a living will, especially when the client is unconscious; the living will reflects the client’s predetermined wishes.
D. The living will is a legal document that outlines the client’s preferences regarding lifesaving measures and should be followed even if the client is unconscious.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Fidelity refers to the obligation to keep promises and commitments made to patients, but it does not specifically address the concept of causing harm.
B. Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle that emphasizes the importance of "do no harm." It focuses on protecting clients from harm and ensuring safety in their care.
C. Justice pertains to fairness and equality in the distribution of healthcare resources and services but does not directly address the issue of harm.
D. Beneficence involves actions that promote the well-being of patients and can include doing good, but it does not specifically emphasize the avoidance of harm as nonmaleficence does.