A staff nurse is teaching a newly hired nurse how to complete an informed consent document for a client. The staff nurse should include that the nurse’s signature on the form confirms which of the following requirements? (Select all that apply.)
The client speaks the same language as the nurse.
The client signed in the nurse’s presence.
The client was not coerced.
The client has legal authority to do so.
The client does not have a mental health condition.
Correct Answer : B,C,D
Choice A Reason:
The requirement that the client speaks the same language as the nurse is not a standard criterion for informed consent. While effective communication is crucial, the presence of an interpreter can facilitate understanding if there is a language barrier. The nurse’s signature does not confirm the language spoken by the client.
Choice B Reason:
The nurse’s signature on the informed consent form confirms that the client signed the document in the nurse’s presence. This is a standard practice to ensure that the consent was given voluntarily and that the client was present at the time of signing. It helps in verifying the authenticity of the consent.
Choice C Reason:
The nurse’s signature also confirms that the client was not coerced into signing the consent form. Informed consent must be given voluntarily, without any form of pressure or coercion. This ensures that the client’s decision is made freely and with full understanding of the procedure or treatment.
Choice D Reason:
The nurse’s signature confirms that the client has the legal authority to give consent. This means that the client is of legal age and has the mental capacity to understand the information provided and make an informed decision. It is essential to ensure that the client is legally competent to consent to the treatment or procedure.
Choice E Reason:
The requirement that the client does not have a mental health condition is not a standard criterion for informed consent. Clients with mental health conditions can still provide informed consent if they have the capacity to understand the information and make a decision. The nurse’s signature does not confirm the mental health status of the client.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Limiting the session to 1 hour is a practical approach when teaching older adults. Research indicates that older adults may have shorter attention spans and may become fatigued more quickly than younger individuals. Therefore, keeping the session to a manageable length ensures that the participants remain engaged and retain the information presented. Additionally, shorter sessions can help prevent cognitive overload, making it easier for older adults to absorb and process the material.
Choice B reason:
Providing an environment with minimal distractions is crucial for effective learning, especially for older adults. Distractions such as noise, poor lighting, and uncomfortable seating can hinder concentration and reduce the effectiveness of the educational program. By creating a calm and focused environment, the nurse can help older adults concentrate better on the material being taught. This approach aligns with best practices in adult education, which emphasize the importance of a conducive learning environment.
Choice C reason:
Presenting the information at a 10th-grade reading level is important to ensure that the material is accessible to all participants. Older adults may have varying levels of literacy and educational backgrounds, so using clear and straightforward language helps to ensure that everyone can understand the content. This approach also helps to avoid any potential feelings of frustration or inadequacy that might arise if the material is too complex. Simplifying the language used in educational materials is a widely recommended practice in health education.
Choice D reason:
Using brightly colored paper for written materials can enhance the learning experience for older adults. Bright colors can capture attention and make the materials more visually appealing. Additionally, older adults may have visual impairments, and using high-contrast colors can improve readability. This technique can help to ensure that the written materials are engaging and accessible, thereby enhancing the overall effectiveness of the educational program.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason
Documenting the indications for using wrist restraints is an important step in the process, but it is not the first action the nurse should take. Documentation ensures that there is a clear rationale for the use of restraints and helps in maintaining legal and ethical standards1. However, before documenting, the nurse must explore and attempt less restrictive alternatives to ensure that restraints are truly necessary.
Choice B Reason
Obtaining a prescription for restraints from the provider is a crucial step, as restraints should only be used with a valid order from a healthcare provider. This ensures that the use of restraints is medically justified and that the provider is aware of the client’s condition. However, before seeking a prescription, the nurse must first attempt less restrictive alternatives to manage the client’s behavior.
Choice C Reason
Explaining the procedure to the client and their family is essential for informed consent and to ensure that they understand the reasons for using restraints. This step helps in maintaining transparency and trust. However, it should be done after the nurse has determined that less restrictive alternatives are not effective and that restraints are necessary.
Choice D Reason
Attempting less restrictive alternatives is the first action the nurse must take. This approach aligns with ethical and legal guidelines that emphasize the use of the least restrictive measures to ensure the client’s safety. Alternatives may include verbal de-escalation, environmental modifications, or the use of less restrictive devices. Only if these measures fail should the nurse consider using restraints.