A patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) is receiving treatment with methylprednisolone during an acute exacerbation. Which of the following is the expected therapeutic effect of this treatment?
Reduction of inflammation and suppression of the immune responses
Stimulation of nerve regeneration
Improvement in cognitive function
Increase in muscle strength and coordination
The Correct Answer is A
A. Reduction of inflammation and suppression of immune responses. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation and suppresses immune responses, which can help manage the acute exacerbations of MS.
B. Stimulation of nerve regeneration. Methylprednisolone does not stimulate nerve regeneration; it focuses on reducing inflammation.
C. Improvement in cognitive function. Cognitive improvement is not a primary goal of methylprednisolone in MS management, though reducing inflammation may indirectly benefit cognition.
D. Increase in muscle strength and coordination. While reducing inflammation can improve symptoms, methylprednisolone itself does not directly increase muscle strength or coordination.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. I need to monitor the puncture site for signs of infection such as redness or swelling. Monitoring the puncture site is crucial for detecting any signs of infection or complications, which the patient should be aware of.
B. I should follow a heart-healthy diet to support my recovery. A heart-healthy diet is recommended to manage cholesterol levels and prevent further coronary artery disease progression.
C. I will take my prescribed medications as directed by my doctor. Following the medication regimen is important for preventing complications and supporting recovery, especially for blood thinners or other cardiac medications.
D. I can resume my regular physical activities immediately after I get home. This statement indicates a need for further teaching, as patients should gradually resume physical activities and avoid strenuous activities immediately after PTCA to prevent complications, such as bleeding at the catheter insertion site.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Stroke: The sudden onset of one-sided weakness, numbness, difficulty speaking, and severe headache are classic symptoms of an acute stroke, where blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted, leading to neurological deficits.
B. Migraine: While migraines can cause headache and some neurological symptoms, they usually include visual disturbances, nausea, or photophobia rather than one-sided weakness and numbness.
C. Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia can cause confusion, weakness, and headache, but it typically lacks the focal neurological symptoms, like one-sided weakness and numbness.
D. Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): A TIA can cause similar symptoms, but the deficits are usually transient and resolve within 24 hours without lasting neurological damage. Persistent symptoms are more indicative of a stroke.