. A patient has been started on medication for BPH. Prior to administering this medication the patient's nurse ensures which of the following has been done?
The patient is hypertensive.
The patient has had a prostate examination, including measurement of the PSA level.
The patient is still sexually active.
The patient has not had a vasectomy.
The Correct Answer is B
A. The patient is hypertensive. Hypertension is not a prerequisite for starting BPH medication; in fact, some BPH medications can lower blood pressure.
B. The patient has had a prostate examination, including measurement of the PSA level. A prostate examination and PSA measurement are important for diagnosing BPH and ruling out prostate cancer before starting treatment.
C. The patient is still sexually active. Sexual activity status is not a determining factor for administering BPH medication.
D. The patient has not had a vasectomy. Vasectomy status does not influence the treatment of BPH.
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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Stimulate production of androgens: The kidneys do not stimulate androgen production. Androgens are produced primarily by the adrenal glands and gonads.
B. Stimulate production of white blood cells: The kidneys do not stimulate white blood cell production. This is mainly a function of the bone marrow.
C. Excrete various drugs and drug metabolites: The kidneys play a key role in filtering and excreting drugs and drug metabolites, helping to remove them from the body.
D. Produce urine: The primary function of the kidneys is to filter blood and produce urine, which is then excreted to remove waste products and maintain fluid balance.
E. Regulate acid/base balance: The kidneys are essential in maintaining acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate, which helps regulate the pH level in the body.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Urine-specific gravity: While urine-specific gravity can provide information on kidney function, it does not specifically measure renal impairment or disease progression, especially in SLE.
B. Serum potassium: Serum potassium levels can be affected by renal function but are not a direct indicator of renal health and can be influenced by many other factors.
C. Serum creatinine: Serum creatinine is a more reliable indicator of renal function, as it reflects how well the kidneys are filtering waste. In clients with SLE, kidney involvement is a common complication.
D. Serum sodium: Serum sodium levels do not directly indicate renal function, though kidney impairment can impact electrolyte levels.