A nurse is teaching a client in her second trimester about measures to relieve heartburn during pregnancy.Which of the following measures does the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply)
Lie down after meals.
Remain upright after meals.
Eat small, frequent meals.
Drink 2 large glasses of water before each meal.
Discuss antacid recommendations with the provider.
Correct Answer : B,C,E
Choice A rationale
Lying down after meals can exacerbate heartburn by allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. It is generally recommended to remain upright after eating to help prevent this.
Choice B rationale
Remaining upright after meals helps prevent heartburn by keeping stomach acid in the stomach and reducing the likelihood of acid reflux. This can be achieved by sitting or standing for at least 30 minutes after eating.
Choice C rationale
Eating small, frequent meals can help prevent heartburn by reducing the amount of food in the stomach at any one time, which decreases the pressure on the stomach and the likelihood of acid reflux.
Choice D rationale
Drinking large amounts of water before meals can increase the volume in the stomach and may exacerbate heartburn. It is generally better to drink fluids between meals rather than before or during meals.
Choice E rationale
Discussing antacid recommendations with the provider is appropriate. Antacids can help neutralize stomach acid and provide relief from heartburn, but it is important to consult with a healthcare provider to ensure that the chosen antacid is safe for use during pregnancy.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Fetal movements, known as quickening, are typically felt by the mother between 16 and 25 weeks of pregnancy, not specifically at week 245.
Choice B rationale
The baby’s heartbeat can be detected by 10-12 weeks of pregnancy using a Doppler ultrasound device. This is an important milestone in fetal development and prenatal care
.
Choice C rationale
Lanugo, the fine hair covering the fetus, usually appears around 20 weeks of pregnancy and starts to disappear closer to the end of the third trimester, not specifically by week 355.
Choice D rationale
The sex of the baby is determined at conception, but it can be detected via ultrasound around 18-20 weeks of pregnancy, not by week 85.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Taking iron with milk is not recommended because calcium in milk can inhibit the absorption of iron. It is better to take iron supplements with a source of vitamin C, which enhances iron absorption.
Choice B rationale
Iron supplements typically cause constipation rather than loose stools. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and dark stools.
Choice C rationale
Taking iron with vitamin C enhances absorption. Vitamin C converts iron into a form that is more easily absorbed by the body, making it more effective in treating iron deficiency anemia.
Choice D rationale
Iron supplements are best absorbed on an empty stomach, but they can cause gastrointestinal discomfort. If this occurs, taking them with a small amount of food may help, but it should not be taken with dairy products or calcium-rich foods.