A nurse is teaching a client about taking diphenhydramine. The nurse should explain to the client that which of the following is a side effect of this medication?
Bradycardia.
Hypertension
Bleeding
Sedation
The Correct Answer is D
A. Bradycardia: Bradycardia is not a common side effect of diphenhydramine. This medication primarily causes sedation and anticholinergic effects.
B. Hypertension: Hypertension is not commonly associated with diphenhydramine, which tends to have more sedative and anticholinergic side effects.
C. Bleeding: Bleeding is not a known side effect of diphenhydramine. It does not affect clotting mechanisms or platelet function.
D. Sedation: Sedation is a common side effect of diphenhydramine, which is an antihistamine with sedative properties. Clients should be advised about possible drowsiness and to avoid activities that require alertness, like driving, while taking it.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. BUN 45 mg/dL and creatinine 8 mg/dL: These levels indicate significant kidney impairment; elevated BUN and creatinine levels are typical in chronic kidney disease.
B. BUN 8 mg/dL and creatinine 0.7 mg/dL: These values are within normal limits and suggest good kidney function, not indicative of chronic kidney disease.
C. BUN 10 mg/dL and creatinine 0.3 mg/dL: These values are much lower than expected in chronic kidney disease, indicating normal renal function.
D. BUN 23 mg/dL and creatinine 1.0 mg/dL: While these levels show mild elevation, they do not reflect the more severe impairment typically seen in chronic kidney disease.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Use the peak expiratory flow meter once per week." The peak expiratory flow meter is usually recommended for daily use in asthma management to monitor lung function and detect any changes early.
B. "Take cromolyn sodium at the first sign of breathing difficulty." Cromolyn sodium is a mast cell stabilizer and is used as a preventative medication rather than for quick relief of symptoms, so it should be taken regularly as prescribed, not only when symptoms arise.
C. "Avoid triggers that cause an attack." Avoiding known asthma triggers is an important part of asthma management to prevent attacks and exacerbations.
D. "You should stop playing basketball, but you can swim instead." Exercise should not necessarily be avoided; instead, it should be managed appropriately with pre-treatment if needed. Avoiding all sports activities is not generally recommended.