A nurse is teaching a caregiver of a school-age child about physical activity. Which of the following statements made by the caregiver demonstrates the teaching was effective? (Select All that Apply.)
"Physical activity can improve academic performance."
"My child should engage in physical activity four days a week."
"My child should engage in light activities such as walking."
"Climbing is a good way for my child to strengthen muscles."
"Exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of diabetes."
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
A. Physical activity can improve academic performance, as studies show a positive correlation between physical fitness and cognitive function.
B. Engaging in physical activity four days a week is consistent with recommendations for school-age children, promoting overall health and fitness.
C. While light activities are beneficial, it is important for children to engage in moderate to vigorous activities for optimal health, so this statement may not fully reflect effective teaching.
D. Climbing is indeed a beneficial activity that helps strengthen muscles, showing an understanding of how different physical activities contribute to physical development.
E. The statement regarding exercise reducing the risk of diabetes is accurate and reflects an understanding of the long-term health benefits of physical activity.
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Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
A. This reflects a lack of understanding of conservation, as cutting a sandwich does not increase the quantity of food.
B. This belief shows a misunderstanding of conservation, where children may not recognize that the volume remains constant regardless of the container's shape.
C. Understanding that the amount of a substance remains the same even if its appearance changes is a key characteristic of conservation.
D. Recognizing that a ball of clay can be flattened and rolled back into a ball without changing its amount also demonstrates an understanding of conservation.
E. This belief indicates a misunderstanding of conservation, as the amount of liquid does not change based on the height or width of the container.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Encouraging excessive rest and avoidance of physical activities can lead to feelings of inferiority by limiting opportunities for achievement and social interactions.
B. Limiting social interactions is counterproductive, as friendships and peer relationships are critical for social development during this stage.
C. While supervision is important, overly controlling the child’s activities can inhibit their ability to explore and learn, negatively impacting their sense of industry.
D. Involving the child in decision-making and providing opportunities for independent tasks fosters a sense of competence and accomplishment, essential for developing a sense of industry, according to Erikson’s theory.