A nurse is reviewing client information following the evening change-of-shift report. Which of the following client needs should the nurse address first?
A client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus needs assistance counting the carbohydrates in her meal.
A client who has a new tracheostomy is experiencing coughing episodes.
A client who has a BMI of 17 refuses his dinner tray.
A client awaiting discharge needs to demonstrate colostomy care before leaving.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Assisting a client with counting carbohydrates is important for managing diabetes, but it is not an urgent need that must be addressed immediately.
B. A client with a new tracheostomy who is experiencing coughing episodes may indicate a risk for airway obstruction or other complications, making this the most urgent situation that requires immediate intervention.
C. A client with a BMI of 17 who refuses dinner could be concerning for nutritional status, but it is not as critical as addressing potential airway issues with the tracheostomy client.
D. While demonstrating colostomy care is essential for discharge readiness, it can wait until more urgent needs are addressed. Ensuring the client with a tracheostomy is stable is the priority.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Activating the fire alarm is the immediate priority after ensuring the client's safety, as it alerts the entire facility to the potential danger and initiates the fire response protocol.
B. Closing the door to the client's room is important for containing the fire but is secondary to activating the alarm to ensure that emergency services are alerted.
C. Reporting the fire details to the facility emergency extension is necessary but should be done after the alarm has been activated to ensure that help is dispatched quickly.
D. Turning off electrical equipment may not be safe or possible in the event of a fire; the focus should be on evacuation and alerting emergency services.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While the nurse's notes may include observations about the client's condition, recording that an incident report was filed does not provide pertinent details regarding the client's care and is not appropriate.
B. Incident reports are confidential documents and should not be shared with the client's family, so providing a copy of the report is inappropriate.
C. Documenting the facts about the incident in the medical record is essential to provide a complete account of the client's care and any resulting changes or observations. This documentation is important for continuity of care and legal purposes.
D. Incident reports should not be placed in the medical record, as they are separate documents intended for internal review and quality assurance purposes.