A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is at 38 weeks of gestation and has a positive group B streptococcus B-hemolytic screening.
Which of the following medications should the nurse discuss as the prophylaxis treatment during labor for this client?
Penicillin.
Cefazolin.
Erythromycin.
Vancomycin.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Penicillin is the recommended prophylactic treatment for a client at 38 weeks of gestation with a positive group B streptococcus B-hemolytic screening. It is highly effective in preventing the transmission of group B strep from mother to baby during labor and delivery. Administering Penicillin reduces the risk of neonatal sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis caused by group B strep.
Choice B rationale
Cefazolin is an alternative antibiotic for clients allergic to penicillin. It is less preferred compared to penicillin due to its broader spectrum of activity and potential for resistance. Cefazolin can be used if the client has a non-severe penicillin allergy.
Choice C rationale
Erythromycin is not recommended for group B strep prophylaxis during labor due to its lower efficacy compared to penicillin and cefazolin. It is less effective in preventing neonatal group B strep infections and is used less frequently.
Choice D rationale
Vancomycin is used for clients with a severe penicillin allergy or for those with resistant strains of group B strep. It is a last-resort antibiotic due to its potent effect and potential side effects. It is only used when absolutely necessary.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This finding indicates fetal distress. Recurrent variable decelerations in the fetal heart rate (FHR) can be a sign of umbilical cord compression, which can compromise fetal oxygenation.
Choice B rationale
Uterine contractions every 6 minutes are within the normal range for the latent phase of labor and do not indicate fetal risk.
Choice C rationale
Moderate variability of the FHR is a reassuring sign and suggests that the fetus is well-oxygenated and neurologically intact.
Choice D rationale
Uterine contractions lasting 30 to 45 seconds are typical for the latent phase of labor and do not indicate fetal distress.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Carrots, while nutritious and rich in vitamins, are not a significant source of iron. They provide fiber and beta-carotene but do not meet the increased iron needs during pregnancy.
Choice B rationale
Chicken breast is an excellent source of heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant-based foods. Consuming chicken breast helps in meeting the increased iron requirements during pregnancy.
Choice C rationale
Apples are healthy and provide essential nutrients and fiber but are not a significant source of iron. They contribute to overall well-being but do not address the specific need for increased iron intake.
Choice D rationale
Feta cheese is a good source of calcium and protein but not iron. While it contributes to nutritional intake during pregnancy, it does not help in meeting the increased iron needs.