A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about common discomforts during the first trimester of pregnancy.Which of the following discomforts should the nurse include in the teaching?
Tingling in the fingers.
Round ligament pain.
Perineal discomfort and pressure.
Urination urgency and frequency.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Tingling in the fingers, also known as carpal tunnel syndrome, is more commonly associated with the later stages of pregnancy when fluid retention is more pronounced. It is not typically a common discomfort during the first trimester.
Choice B rationale
Round ligament pain is more common in the second trimester when the uterus is growing rapidly and the ligaments supporting it stretch. This type of pain usually manifests as sharp, shooting pain in the lower abdomen or groin.
Choice C rationale
Perineal discomfort and pressure are more common in the later stages of pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester, as the baby descends into the pelvis and prepares for birth. It is not typically a discomfort experienced during the first trimester.
Choice D rationale
Increased urgency and frequency of urination are common discomforts during the first trimester of pregnancy. This occurs due to hormonal changes and the growing uterus pressing on the bladder, which reduces its capacity.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used primarily for anxiety, muscle spasms, and seizures. It is not recommended for opioid use disorder during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus, including withdrawal symptoms and developmental issues.
Choice B rationale
Methadone is a long-acting opioid agonist used to treat opioid use disorder. It helps reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings without producing the euphoria associated with opioid abuse. Methadone is considered safe for use during pregnancy and can improve maternal and fetal outcomes.
Choice C rationale
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose. While it is crucial to have naloxone readily available for individuals with opioid use disorder to prevent overdose deaths, it is not a primary treatment for opioid use disorder during pregnancy.
Choice D rationale
Buprenorphine is a partial opioid agonist used to treat opioid use disorder. It is considered safe for use during pregnancy and can reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings. However, methadone is often preferred due to its longer history of use and more extensive research on its safety during pregnancy.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Repositioning the newborn every 2 to 3 hours is essential during phototherapy to ensure that all areas of the skin are exposed to the light. This helps in the effective breakdown of bilirubin and prevents pressure sores.
Choice B rationale
Monitoring the newborn’s blood glucose level every 2 hours is not a standard intervention for phototherapy. While monitoring glucose levels is important in certain conditions, it is not directly related to the management of hyperbilirubinemia.
Choice C rationale
Applying a water-based ointment to the newborn’s skin every 4 to 6 hours is not recommended during phototherapy. Ointments can block the light from reaching the skin, reducing the effectiveness of the treatment.
Choice D rationale
Giving the newborn 30 mL of distilled water after each feeding is not a recommended practice. Hydration is important, but it should be done through breastfeeding or formula feeding, not distilled water.