A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a 4-year-old child who is on airborne precautions about activities he can do while in the hospital. Which of the following activities should the nurse include in the teaching?
Pulling a wagon with toys in the hallway
Watching a video game in the playroom
Constructing a model airplane
Putting a puzzle together
The Correct Answer is D
A. Pulling a wagon with toys in the hallway: A child on airborne precautions cannot leave the room to prevent the spread of infection.
B. Watching a video game in the playroom: Access to communal areas like the playroom is prohibited for children on airborne precautions.
C. Constructing a model airplane: While constructive, small parts in models can be hazardous and inappropriate for some children in a hospital setting.
D. Putting a puzzle together: Puzzles are a safe, quiet activity that can be done independently in the isolation room.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cough: A cough is more commonly associated with respiratory infections, not meningitis.
B. Joint pain: Joint pain is not a primary symptom of meningitis but may occur in other conditions.
C. Fever: Fever is a hallmark symptom of meningitis, reflecting the body’s immune response to infection.
D. Abdominal pain: Abdominal pain is not typically associated with meningitis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Decreased pressure and cloudy cerebrospinal fluid with a high protein level. Meningitis usually causes increased intracranial pressure, not decreased.
B. Clear cerebrospinal fluid with a high protein and low glucose. Clear CSF is typically seen in viral meningitis, but bacterial meningitis more often causes cloudy CSF.
C. Cloudy cerebrospinal fluid with a low protein and low glucose. While glucose is low in bacterial meningitis, protein is typically elevated due to the infection.
D. Cloudy cerebrospinal fluid with a high protein and low glucose levels. This finding is consistent with bacterial meningitis, where the CSF is cloudy, protein is elevated due to inflammation, and glucose is low because bacteria consume glucose.