A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a 4-year-old child who is on airborne precautions about activities he can do while in the hospital. Which of the following activities should the nurse include in the teaching?
Pulling a wagon with toys in the hallway
Watching a video game in the playroom
Constructing a model airplane
Putting a puzzle together
The Correct Answer is D
A. Pulling a wagon with toys in the hallway: A child on airborne precautions cannot leave the room to prevent the spread of infection.
B. Watching a video game in the playroom: Access to communal areas like the playroom is prohibited for children on airborne precautions.
C. Constructing a model airplane: While constructive, small parts in models can be hazardous and inappropriate for some children in a hospital setting.
D. Putting a puzzle together: Puzzles are a safe, quiet activity that can be done independently in the isolation room.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Speak slowly while facing the child: Facing the child helps them see lip movements and facial expressions, which aids communication.
B. Talk directly into the child's impaired ear: Shouting or talking directly into the ear is unhelpful and can distort sound further.
C. Stand above the child's eye level when speaking: Standing above the child can make communication difficult. The nurse should be at eye level to establish effective communication.
D. Speak loudly to the child: Speaking loudly can distort sound and is not helpful for a hearing-impaired child.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "I should place a cool mist humidifier in his room.": Children with Down Syndrome often have narrow nasal passages and a tendency toward respiratory infections. A cool mist humidifier helps keep the airways moist, reducing irritation and easing breathing.
B. "I should expect him to have frequent diarrhea.": Diarrhea is not a common symptom associated with Down Syndrome; constipation is more frequent due to low muscle tone.
C. "I should expect him to grow faster in length than other infants.": Infants with Down Syndrome tend to have slower growth rates and may not reach the same length or weight milestones as peers.
D. "I should avoid the use of lotion on his skin.": Infants with Down Syndrome often have dry, sensitive skin, and the use of lotion is encouraged to prevent dryness and cracking.