A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. Which of the following can be anticipated will be a trigger for a sickle cell crisis?
Over-hydration
Dehydration
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Vaccinations
The Correct Answer is B
A. Over-hydration is not a trigger for a sickle cell crisis; in fact, adequate hydration helps prevent sickling of the cells.
B. Dehydration is a significant trigger for sickle cell crises, as it can lead to increased blood viscosity and sickling of red blood cells.
C. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often used to manage pain associated with sickle cell crises, but they do not trigger a crisis.
D. Vaccinations are important for preventing infections in individuals with sickle cell anemia but are not associated with triggering a sickle cell crisis.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Decreasing intake of foods high in fiber is not necessary; in fact, fiber can help prevent constipation, a common side effect of iron supplements.
B. Vitamin C actually enhances the absorption of iron; thus, avoiding it is incorrect. Clients should be encouraged to consume vitamin C alongside their iron supplements to improve absorption.
C. Stools becoming darker in color is a common and expected side effect of ferrous sulfate due to the presence of unabsorbed iron. It is important for clients to know this to avoid unnecessary alarm.
D. Taking the medication on a full stomach may decrease absorption; it is generally recommended to take iron supplements on an empty stomach for optimal absorption unless gastrointestinal upset occurs.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Red blood cells (RBC) and hemoglobin (Hg) levels are directly affected by epoetin alfa, which stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow, making these values essential for assessing the medication's effectiveness.
B. The leukocyte count (WBC) is not relevant to the effects of epoetin alfa, as this medication primarily influences erythropoiesis rather than white blood cell production.
C. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a non-specific test used to detect inflammation but does not provide information regarding the effectiveness of epoetin alfa.
D. The thrombocyte count does not assess the effectiveness of epoetin alfa, as this medication is specifically aimed at increasing red blood cell production.