A nurse is providing care to a 2-year-old and has noted negativism.
Which statement by the nurse to the toddler will help decrease negativism when administering medications to the toddler?
You can take your medicine in the blue or green cup.
Can you take your medicine now?
Do you want to take your medicine?
You need to take your medicine.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Giving the toddler a choice between two cups helps to decrease negativism by providing options that still achieve the desired outcome, thereby reducing the likelihood of refusal.
Choice B rationale
Asking the child to take medicine now offers no real choice and is likely to be met with resistance, which is characteristic of negativism in toddlers.
Choice C rationale
This question is too open-ended and can easily be refused, as it does not provide a sense of control or choice for the toddler.
Choice D rationale
Telling the child they "need" to take medicine is directive and authoritarian, which often triggers negativism and a refusal.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Preterm newborns have underdeveloped mechanisms for thermoregulation, making it difficult for them to maintain stable body temperatures without external assistance.
Choice B rationale
Preterm newborns do not sweat significantly because their sweat glands are not fully developed; thus, this rationale is incorrect.
Choice C rationale
Preterm newborns actually have a larger body surface area relative to their weight, contributing to their difficulty in maintaining body temperature.
Choice D rationale
Preterm newborns have insufficient brown fat, not an excess, which impairs their ability to generate heat effectively.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Constructing a model airplane may require smaller parts and more intricate work, not ideal for a 4-year-old child.
Choice B rationale
Putting together a large-piece puzzle is suitable for fine motor skills development and can be done while in isolation.
Choice C rationale
Playing in the hallway would expose the child to other areas and people, defeating the purpose of airborne precautions.
Choice D rationale
Watching a video game in the playroom is not feasible as it would require leaving the isolation area.