A nurse is providing care to a 2-year-old and has noted negativism.
Which statement by the nurse to the toddler will help decrease negativism when administering medications to the toddler?
You can take your medicine in the blue or green cup.
Can you take your medicine now?
Do you want to take your medicine?
You need to take your medicine.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Giving the toddler a choice between two cups helps to decrease negativism by providing options that still achieve the desired outcome, thereby reducing the likelihood of refusal.
Choice B rationale
Asking the child to take medicine now offers no real choice and is likely to be met with resistance, which is characteristic of negativism in toddlers.
Choice C rationale
This question is too open-ended and can easily be refused, as it does not provide a sense of control or choice for the toddler.
Choice D rationale
Telling the child they "need" to take medicine is directive and authoritarian, which often triggers negativism and a refusal.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A front-facing car seat for an infant does not provide adequate protection in the event of a collision. Infants should always be in a rear-facing car seat to support their head, neck, and spine.
Choice B rationale
Using an infant model car seat designed specifically for the car ensures that the seat meets safety standards and is appropriate for the child's size and developmental needs, providing optimal protection.
Choice C rationale
Being able to fit a hand between the baby and the car seat harness indicates the harness is too loose. The harness should be snug enough that only one or two fingers can fit between the strap and the baby's chest to provide secure restraint.
Choice D rationale
A rear-facing car seat should not be placed in the front passenger seat due to the risk of injury from airbags. The safest position for a rear-facing car seat is in the back seat, away from active airbags.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
AAP guidelines recommend rear-facing car seats for children under 24 months due to superior protection in a collision.
Choice B rationale
The chest buckle should be at armpit level to prevent injury in case of a crash.
Choice C rationale
Switching to a forward-facing car seat at 12 months contradicts safety recommendations; the child should remain rear-facing until at least 2 years old.
Choice D rationale
Car seats should always be placed in the back seat to minimize risk from front airbags during collisions.