A nurse is providing care to a 2-year-old and has noted negativism.
Which statement by the nurse to the toddler will help decrease negativism when administering medications to the toddler?
You can take your medicine in the blue or green cup.
Can you take your medicine now?
Do you want to take your medicine?
You need to take your medicine.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Giving the toddler a choice between two cups helps to decrease negativism by providing options that still achieve the desired outcome, thereby reducing the likelihood of refusal.
Choice B rationale
Asking the child to take medicine now offers no real choice and is likely to be met with resistance, which is characteristic of negativism in toddlers.
Choice C rationale
This question is too open-ended and can easily be refused, as it does not provide a sense of control or choice for the toddler.
Choice D rationale
Telling the child they "need" to take medicine is directive and authoritarian, which often triggers negativism and a refusal.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hepatitis B (HepB) is typically given at birth and in subsequent doses but isn't scheduled for 4-year-olds.
Choice B rationale
Meningococcal (MenACWY) vaccine is generally recommended for older children and adolescents.
Choice C rationale
Varicella (VAR) vaccine is recommended for children around 4 years old to protect against chickenpox.
Choice D rationale
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for preteens starting at age 11, not 4-year-olds.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While knowing the adverse effects of medication is important, understanding why the child is taking the medication is crucial for ensuring adherence and proper administration.
Choice B rationale
Stopping medication when the child feels better can lead to incomplete treatment and antibiotic resistance. This is incorrect advice to give to parents.
Choice C rationale
Knowing the reason for taking the medication ensures that parents understand its importance, which promotes adherence to the prescribed regimen.
Choice D rationale
Using a kitchen spoon to administer medication can lead to inaccurate dosing. A proper measuring device, such as an oral syringe, should be used.