A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to new parents of an infant. Which information would be most important to stress with the parents to promote the infant’s development of trust?
Each day at a special time, talk to your baby.
Try to have many caregivers caring for the baby so they learn variability.
Stimulating your baby with many toys is key.
It is important to respond to the baby’s needs consistently.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Talking to the baby each day at a special time can help build a bond and promote language development. However, it is not the most important factor in promoting the infant’s development of trust. Consistent and responsive caregiving is more crucial in building trust.
Choice B rationale
Having many caregivers caring for the baby can lead to inconsistency in caregiving. According to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, infants need consistent and reliable caregiving to develop a sense of trust. Multiple caregivers can create confusion and insecurity for the baby.
Choice C rationale
Stimulating the baby with many toys can promote cognitive and motor development. However, it is not the most important factor in promoting the infant’s development of trust. Consistent and responsive caregiving is more crucial in building trust.
Choice D rationale
Responding to the baby’s needs consistently is the most important factor in promoting the infant’s development of trust. According to Erikson’s theory, infants develop trust when their caregivers are reliable and responsive to their needs. This consistent caregiving helps the baby feel secure and builds a foundation for healthy emotional development. .
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Polyuria, or excessive urination, is typically associated with hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia. In the context of diabetes, polyuria occurs when high blood glucose levels lead to increased urine production as the body attempts to excrete excess glucose. Since the adolescent’s blood glucose level is 55 mg/dL, which indicates hypoglycemia, polyuria is not an expected finding.
Choice B rationale
Dry, flushed skin is a common symptom of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. When blood glucose levels are high, the body becomes dehydrated, leading to dry skin and a flushed appearance. In contrast, hypoglycemia often presents with symptoms such as sweating, pallor, and shakiness due to the body’s response to low blood glucose levels.
Choice C rationale
Deep, rapid respirations, also known as Kussmaul respirations, are typically associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a complication of hyperglycemia. DKA occurs when the body produces high levels of ketones due to insufficient insulin. Since the adolescent’s blood glucose level is 55 mg/dL, which indicates hypoglycemia, deep, rapid respirations are not an expected finding.
Choice D rationale
Tachycardia, or an increased heart rate, is a common symptom of hypoglycemia. When blood glucose levels drop, the body releases catecholamines (such as adrenaline) to raise blood glucose levels. This response leads to symptoms such as shakiness, sweating, and tachycardia. Therefore, tachycardia is an expected finding in an adolescent with a blood glucose level of 55 mg/dL.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A diastolic murmur is not a typical finding in coarctation of the aorta. This condition is more commonly associated with systolic murmurs.
Choice B rationale
Hypotension is not a common finding in coarctation of the aorta. In fact, hypertension in the upper extremities is more typical due to the narrowing of the aorta.
Choice C rationale
Excessive crying is not a specific indicator of coarctation of the aorta. It can be a symptom of many different conditions and is not diagnostic.
Choice D rationale
Unequal upper and lower extremity pulses are a key finding in coarctation of the aorta. The narrowing of the aorta causes reduced blood flow to the lower extremities, resulting in weaker pulses compared to the upper extremities.