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A nurse is performing a newborn assessment and notes depressed fontanels. Which of the following is true regarding depressed fontanels in newborn assessment?

A.

Depressed fontanelles are only seen in premature newborns.

B.

Depressed fontanelles indicate infection.

C.

Depressed fontanelles are a sign of dehydration.

D.

Depressed fontanelles are a normal finding in newborns.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

 

Depressed fontanelles are not exclusive to premature newborns. They can occur in both premature and full-term infants and are not an indicator of prematurity.

 

Choice B rationale

 

Depressed fontanelles do not indicate infection. Infections in newborns typically present with other symptoms such as fever, irritability, and poor feeding.

 

Choice C rationale

 

Depressed fontanelles are a sign of dehydration in newborns. When a newborn is dehydrated, the fontanelles can appear sunken due to the lack of fluid in the body.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Depressed fontanelles are not a normal finding in newborns. Normally, fontanelles should be flat or slightly curved inward. A depressed fontanelle is a clinical sign that requires further evaluation and intervention.

 


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Placing a baby on their back to sleep significantly reduces the risk of SIDS. This position helps keep the airway open and reduces the risk of suffocation.

Choice B rationale

There is no direct correlation between SIDS and the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines. Vaccines are safe and do not increase the risk of SIDS3.

Choice C rationale

SIDS rates have actually decreased over the last 10 years, largely due to public health campaigns promoting safe sleep practices.

Choice D rationale

Sleep apnea is not the main cause of SIDS. The exact cause of SIDS is unknown, but it is believed to be related to defects in the brain that control breathing and arousal from sleep.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Erythema toxicum is a common, benign rash seen in newborns. It appears as red patches with small white or yellow pustules in the center. It is not characterized by small raised pearly white spots on the nose and chin.

Choice B rationale

Milia spots are small raised pearly white spots that commonly appear on the nose, chin, and cheeks of newborns. They are caused by trapped keratin and are harmless, usually resolving on their own within a few weeks.

Choice C rationale

Mongolian spots are flat, blue-gray patches commonly found on the lower back and buttocks of newborns, especially those with darker skin. They are not raised and do not appear on the nose and chin.

Choice D rationale

Epstein’s pearls are small white or yellow cysts found on the gums or roof of the mouth in newborns. They are not found on the nose and chin. .

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