A nurse is collecting data on a client who has hyperthyroidism. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect the client to report?
Weight gain
Frequent mood changes
Sensitivity to cold
Constipation
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Weight gain is typically associated with hypothyroidism; clients with hyperthyroidism often experience weight loss due to increased metabolism.
B. Frequent mood changes, including anxiety and irritability, are common in hyperthyroidism as a result of increased thyroid hormone levels affecting mood regulation.
C. Sensitivity to cold is associated with hypothyroidism; hyperthyroid clients usually have an increased sensitivity to heat.
D. Constipation is more characteristic of hypothyroidism; hyperthyroidism often causes increased bowel movements or diarrhea.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Insulin vials should be gently rolled between the hands, not shaken vigorously, to avoid bubbles and damage to the insulin.
B. The client should decrease insulin before exercise to prevent hypoglycemia, as physical activity lowers blood glucose levels.
C. Insulin should never be frozen; it should be stored in the refrigerator or at room temperature once opened.
D. The abdominal area is the preferred site for insulin injections because it allows for more consistent absorption of the medication.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Clammy skin is associated with hypoglycemia, not diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
B. A rapid pulse can be present in DKA, but it is not a definitive indicator of the condition.
C. Polydipsia (excessive thirst) is a hallmark symptom of DKA, as the body tries to compensate for the severe dehydration caused by hyperglycemia and osmotic diuresis.
D. Confusion can occur in DKA, but it is usually a later sign when the condition becomes severe and metabolic acidosis worsens.