A nurse is collecting data from a client at a follow-up clinic visit for acute low back pain. A goal for this client is to use proper body mechanics at all times. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is meeting this goal?
The client stands with his feet close together when lifting an object.
When moving an object to one side, the client puts his weight on his heels.
When pushing an object the client moves his front foot backward.
The client faces the direction of movement when sliding an object across the floor.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Standing with feet close together when lifting an object does not provide adequate support or balance, increasing the risk of injury. Proper body mechanics involve keeping feet apart for a stable base of support.
B. Putting weight on the heels when moving an object is not advised. Instead, one should keep the weight distributed over the whole foot for stability.
C. When pushing an object, stepping forward with the front foot (rather than moving it backward) helps to maintain balance and applies proper force.
D. Facing the direction of movement is a correct application of proper body mechanics, as it prevents twisting of the spine, reduces strain on the back, and promotes safe movement.
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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Varicose veins are typically associated with venous insufficiency rather than coronary artery disease.
B. Chest pain, or angina, is a common symptom of coronary artery disease due to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.
C. Palpitations can occur in clients with coronary artery disease as the heart compensates for decreased perfusion.
D. Shortness of breath can result from decreased cardiac output and oxygenation due to coronary artery disease.
E. A heart murmur is not a typical manifestation of coronary artery disease; it is more associated with valvular heart disease.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While age contributes to hypertension risk, being male and 53 years old does not inherently confer the greatest risk when compared to other factors like ethnicity.
B. The client’s younger age and female gender reduce the overall risk for hypertension compared to other groups.
C. Although people of Asian ethnicity can develop hypertension, their overall risk is lower than that of African Americans.
D. African Americans have a significantly higher risk for hypertension due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and socio-economic factors. This group is known to have a higher prevalence of this condition, often developing it at an earlier age.