A nurse is collecting data from a client at a follow-up clinic visit for acute low back pain. A goal for this client is to use proper body mechanics at all times. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is meeting this goal?
The client stands with his feet close together when lifting an object.
When moving an object to one side, the client puts his weight on his heels.
When pushing an object the client moves his front foot backward.
The client faces the direction of movement when sliding an object across the floor.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Standing with feet close together when lifting an object does not provide adequate support or balance, increasing the risk of injury. Proper body mechanics involve keeping feet apart for a stable base of support.
B. Putting weight on the heels when moving an object is not advised. Instead, one should keep the weight distributed over the whole foot for stability.
C. When pushing an object, stepping forward with the front foot (rather than moving it backward) helps to maintain balance and applies proper force.
D. Facing the direction of movement is a correct application of proper body mechanics, as it prevents twisting of the spine, reduces strain on the back, and promotes safe movement.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While coronary arteries may change with age, the increased elasticity does not lead to insufficient oxygen; rather, it can affect their ability to respond to increased demand.
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C. Dilation of coronary arteries typically does not cause manifestations in coronary artery disease; instead, it is the narrowing (stenosis) that leads to issues.
D. Decreased diameter of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis is the primary issue in coronary artery disease, which leads to inadequate blood supply, oxygen, and nutrients to the heart muscle, causing symptoms like angina.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Primary progressive multiple sclerosis is characterized by a gradual progression of symptoms without relapses, so this does not match the client's pattern.
B. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is defined by episodes of exacerbation (active symptoms) followed by periods of remission (no symptoms), which aligns with the client's description.
C. Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis follows an initial relapsing-remitting course but leads to a more continuous decline in function, so it does not match the pattern described.
D. Clinically isolating syndrome refers to a single episode of neurological symptoms but does not indicate the pattern of relapses and remissions typical of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.