A nurse is caring for a client who was just diagnosed with an ectopic pregnancy and does not require surgery.
Which of the following medications can the nurse expect to administer?
Dexamethasone.
Clomid.
Methotrexate.
Progesterone.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid and is not used for treating ectopic pregnancy.
Choice B rationale
Clomid (clomiphene citrate) is used to stimulate ovulation, not to treat ectopic pregnancy.
Choice C rationale
Methotrexate is a chemotherapeutic agent that effectively stops the growth of ectopic pregnancy cells, allowing the pregnancy tissue to be reabsorbed by the body.
Choice D rationale
Progesterone supports pregnancy and is not used to treat ectopic pregnancy.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Blue coloring of the hands and feet in an 8-hour-old newborn (acrocyanosis) is a common, benign finding as the newborn’s circulatory system adjusts post-birth. It does not require immediate intervention.
Choice B rationale
Small raised pearly spots on the nose (milia) are harmless and common in newborns. They do not necessitate any intervention.
Choice C rationale
An apical heart rate of 140 bpm is within the normal range for newborns and does not require intervention.
Choice D rationale
Nasal flaring and grunting are signs of respiratory distress in a newborn. This condition demands immediate intervention to ensure the newborn’s airway is clear and breathing is adequately supported.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Turning the newborn's head quickly to one side elicits the tonic neck reflex, not the Moro reflex. The tonic neck reflex involves the newborn's arm extending on the side where the
head is turned and the opposite arm bending at the elbow, resembling a fencing position.
Choice B rationale
Performing a sharp hand clap near the infant elicits the Moro (startle) reflex, which is characterized by the infant throwing their arms outward, opening their hands, and then bringing
the arms back in. This is a response to sudden stimuli and is a normal reflex in newborns.
Choice C rationale
Stroking the outer edge of the sole of the foot from near the heel up toward the toes elicits the Babinski reflex, not the Moro reflex. The Babinski reflex is characterized by the big toe
moving upward or toward the top surface of the foot and the other toes fanning out.
Choice D rationale
Placing a finger at the base of the newborn's toes elicits the plantar grasp reflex, not the Moro reflex. The plantar grasp reflex involves the toes curling around the finger or object
placed at the base of the toes. .