A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should expect to administer which of the following medications to slow the progression of the nephropathy?
Sitagliptin.
Glipizide.
Metoprolol.
Losartan.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor used to manage blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes but does not specifically slow the progression of nephropathy.
Choice B rationale
Glipizide is a sulfonylurea that helps control blood sugar levels but does not have a direct effect on slowing nephropathy progression.
Choice C rationale
Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to manage hypertension but does not specifically target nephropathy progression.
Choice D rationale
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that helps manage hypertension and has been shown to slow the progression of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Correct Answer is ["C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Monitoring glucose levels is not typically necessary for patients receiving gentamicin, as it does not significantly affect glucose metabolism.
Choice B rationale
Prothrombin time is not commonly affected by gentamicin, so routine monitoring is not required.
Choice C rationale
Serum creatinine levels should be monitored to assess kidney function, as gentamicin can cause nephrotoxicity.
Choice D rationale
Cardiac enzymes are not typically affected by gentamicin, so routine monitoring is not necessary.
Choice E rationale
Monitoring WBC count is important to detect any signs of infection or bone marrow suppression, which can occur with gentamicin use.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Metoclopramide is not used to suppress cough. It is primarily used to treat nausea, vomiting, and gastroparesis.
Choice B rationale
Metoclopramide does not have a primary effect on muscle relaxation. Its main action is to increase gastrointestinal motility.
Choice C rationale
Reduced nausea is a primary outcome for evaluating the effectiveness of metoclopramide. It is commonly prescribed to manage nausea and vomiting.
Choice D rationale
Metoclopramide is not typically used to decrease pain. Its primary indications are related to gastrointestinal symptoms.