A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should expect to administer which of the following medications to slow the progression of the nephropathy?
Sitagliptin.
Glipizide.
Metoprolol.
Losartan.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor used to manage blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes but does not specifically slow the progression of nephropathy.
Choice B rationale
Glipizide is a sulfonylurea that helps control blood sugar levels but does not have a direct effect on slowing nephropathy progression.
Choice C rationale
Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to manage hypertension but does not specifically target nephropathy progression.
Choice D rationale
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that helps manage hypertension and has been shown to slow the progression of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Free Nursing Test Bank
- Free Pharmacology Quiz 1
- Free Medical-Surgical Quiz 2
- Free Fundamentals Quiz 3
- Free Maternal-Newborn Quiz 4
- Free Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 5
- Free Obstetrics and Pediatrics Quiz 6
- Free Fluid and Electrolytes Quiz 7
- Free Community Health Quiz 8
- Free Promoting Health across the Lifespan Quiz 9
- Free Multidimensional Care Quiz 10
View Related questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Decreased excretion of urine sodium is not an expected therapeutic effect of bumetanide. Bumetanide is a loop diuretic that works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop of Henle, leading to increased excretion of sodium and water.
Choice B rationale
Increased urinary output is the expected therapeutic effect of bumetanide. As a potent loop diuretic, bumetanide increases the excretion of water and electrolytes, which helps reduce fluid accumulation in conditions like ascites.
Choice C rationale
Decreased serum glucose is not associated with bumetanide. Bumetanide primarily affects fluid and electrolyte balance and does not have a significant impact on blood glucose levels.
Choice D rationale
Increased blood pressure is not an expected effect of bumetanide. On the contrary, bumetanide can help lower blood pressure by reducing fluid volume and decreasing the workload on the heart.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Gargling with water after using a beclomethasone inhaler helps prevent oral candidiasis (thrush), a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
Choice B rationale
Using a spacer with a beclomethasone inhaler can help improve drug delivery to the lungs and reduce the risk of side effects. It is generally recommended to use a spacer with inhaled corticosteroids.
Choice C rationale
Beclomethasone is not a rescue inhaler and should not be used for acute incidents of shortness of breath. It is a maintenance medication used to control chronic asthma symptoms.
Choice D rationale
Albuterol should be used before beclomethasone to open the airways and enhance the absorption of the corticosteroid. Using beclomethasone first does not increase absorption and is not the recommended practice.