A nurse is caring for a client experiencing kidney failure. The nurse recognizes that kidney failure causes the loss of which of the following processes integral to maintaining homeostasis?
Distribution of protein
Filtration of the blood
Metabolism of medications
Ability to hold urine
The Correct Answer is B
A. Distribution of protein: While protein distribution may be affected in kidney disease, it is not a primary function of the kidneys.
B. Filtration of the blood: The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products and excess substances from the blood. In kidney failure, this filtration process is impaired, leading to the accumulation of toxins in the body.
C. Metabolism of medications: Although the kidneys do play a role in drug excretion, drug metabolism primarily occurs in the liver. Kidney failure may affect the excretion phase.
D. Ability to hold urine: While kidney failure can affect urinary function, the ability to hold urine is primarily a bladder function, not directly a function of the kidneys.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Urine-specific gravity: While urine-specific gravity can provide information on kidney function, it does not specifically measure renal impairment or disease progression, especially in SLE.
B. Serum potassium: Serum potassium levels can be affected by renal function but are not a direct indicator of renal health and can be influenced by many other factors.
C. Serum creatinine: Serum creatinine is a more reliable indicator of renal function, as it reflects how well the kidneys are filtering waste. In clients with SLE, kidney involvement is a common complication.
D. Serum sodium: Serum sodium levels do not directly indicate renal function, though kidney impairment can impact electrolyte levels.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The patient is hypertensive. Hypertension is not a prerequisite for starting BPH medication; in fact, some BPH medications can lower blood pressure.
B. The patient has had a prostate examination, including measurement of the PSA level. A prostate examination and PSA measurement are important for diagnosing BPH and ruling out prostate cancer before starting treatment.
C. The patient is still sexually active. Sexual activity status is not a determining factor for administering BPH medication.
D. The patient has not had a vasectomy. Vasectomy status does not influence the treatment of BPH.