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A nurse is auscultating the breath sounds of a client who has asthma. When the client exhales, the nurse hears continuous high-pitched squeaking sounds. The nurse should document this as which adventitious breath sounds?

A.

Wheezes

B.

Crackles

C.

Rhonchi

D.

Stridor

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Wheezes are continuous high-pitched sounds that occur during expiration (or sometimes inspiration) and are common in conditions like asthma due to narrowed airways.  

 

B. Crackles are discontinuous sounds often described as popping or crackling and are not typically high-pitched.  

 

C. Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring-like sounds caused by the obstruction of larger airways and are not characterized as high-pitched.  

 

D. Stridor is a high-pitched sound usually associated with upper airway obstruction and is not typically heard with asthma.


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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Vitamin D deficiency is a modifiable risk factor because it can be addressed through dietary changes, supplements, and increased sun exposure.

B. A small-boned, thin frame is considered a nonmodifiable risk factor as it is a genetic characteristic that cannot be changed.

C. A personal history of fractures is also a nonmodifiable risk factor, as past fractures indicate an increased risk for future fractures and cannot be altered.

D. Age is a nonmodifiable risk factor, as it is an intrinsic characteristic that cannot be changed.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The carotid pulse should not be assessed bilaterally at the same time, as simultaneous palpation can lead to a decrease in heart rate or cause syncope due to stimulation of the carotid sinus.

B. The radial pulse can be assessed bilaterally without risk.

C. The brachial pulse can also be assessed bilaterally without concern.

D. The femoral pulse is typically assessed one side at a time, but there is no risk in palpating both femoral arteries simultaneously as there is with the carotid.

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