A nurse is auscultating the breath sounds of a client who has asthma. When the client exhales, the nurse hears continuous high-pitched squeaking sounds. The nurse should document this as which adventitious breath sounds?
Wheezes
Crackles
Rhonchi
Stridor
The Correct Answer is A
A. Wheezes are continuous high-pitched sounds that occur during expiration (or sometimes inspiration) and are common in conditions like asthma due to narrowed airways.
B. Crackles are discontinuous sounds often described as popping or crackling and are not typically high-pitched.
C. Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring-like sounds caused by the obstruction of larger airways and are not characterized as high-pitched.
D. Stridor is a high-pitched sound usually associated with upper airway obstruction and is not typically heard with asthma.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The iliac pulse is located near the pelvis and is not used for assessing circulation in the lower extremities.
B. The femoral pulse is located in the upper thigh, not near the posterior tibial area.
C. The popliteal pulse is found at the back of the knee and is higher than the posterior tibial location.
D. The posterior tibial pulse is correctly located behind the medial malleolus on the inner side of the ankle. This location is where the posterior tibial artery is accessible and is commonly used to assess blood flow to the lower extremities.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Linea nigra is not typically found in older adults.
B. Infants and children do not generally exhibit linea nigra.
C. Adolescents do not commonly have linea nigra.
D. Linea nigra is a dark line that appears on the abdomen of pregnant women due to hormonal changes and increased pigmentation.