A nurse is attending a continuing education course about communicable diseases. The nurse should identify that varicella has which of the following incubation periods?
2 to 3 weeks
7 to 10 days
3 to 4 weeks
2 to 5 days
The Correct Answer is A
A. 2 to 3 weeks: The incubation period for varicella is typically 10 to 21 days, or 2 to 3 weeks.
B. 7 to 10 days: This is shorter than the actual incubation period for varicella.
C. 3 to 4 weeks: This exceeds the typical maximum incubation period of 21 days.
D. 2 to 5 days: This is significantly shorter than the typical incubation period for varicella.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Give her acetaminophen, not aspirin.": Aspirin is contraindicated in children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition that affects the liver and brain, especially during viral illnesses like the flu or chickenpox. Acetaminophen is a safer alternative for fever management in children.
B. "You'll have to call your physician.": While seeking physician advice is important, the nurse has a duty to provide accurate, immediate, evidence-based guidance to prevent harm.
C. "Give her no more than three baby aspirin every 4 hours.": Recommending aspirin dosing is unsafe due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.
D. "Follow the directions on the aspirin bottle for her age and weight.": Providing this advice without addressing safety concerns is inappropriate and potentially harmful.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Integumentary: Meningitis affects the central nervous system (CNS), not the skin, though a rash can sometimes appear with meningococcal meningitis.
B. Digestive: Digestive symptoms like nausea and vomiting may occur, but the primary system affected is the CNS.
C. Central Nervous: Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, which are protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord in the CNS.
D. Cardiopulmonary: Cardiopulmonary symptoms are not primary features of meningitis, though severe cases may affect vital systems indirectly.