A nurse is attempting to obtain information from a child who is hearing impaired. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Speak slowly while facing the child.
Talk directly into the child's impaired ear.
Stand above the child's eye level when speaking.
Speak loudly to the child.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Speak slowly while facing the child: Facing the child helps them see lip movements and facial expressions, which aids communication.
B. Talk directly into the child's impaired ear: Shouting or talking directly into the ear is unhelpful and can distort sound further.
C. Stand above the child's eye level when speaking: Standing above the child can make communication difficult. The nurse should be at eye level to establish effective communication.
D. Speak loudly to the child: Speaking loudly can distort sound and is not helpful for a hearing-impaired child.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Restrain the toddler for 1 hr after the procedure: Restraint is not appropriate post-procedure. The child should be monitored for complications but not physically restrained unless medically necessary.
B. Place the toddler in a side-lying, knee-chest position: This position flexes the spine and opens the spaces between the vertebrae, allowing for easier access to the subarachnoid space for the lumbar puncture.
C. Ask another nurse to assist with holding the toddler in a prone position: The prone position is incorrect for lumbar punctures. The side-lying, knee-chest position is standard.
D. Swaddle the toddler in a warm blanket: Swaddling may comfort the toddler but does not facilitate the lumbar puncture.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Describing manifestations of the illness: Preschoolers lack the cognitive ability to describe symptoms in detail.
B. Relating fears to magical thinking: Magical thinking is characteristic of preschoolers, and they may associate illness with punishment or fantastical causes.
C. Awareness of body function: This is more typical of school-age children, not preschoolers.
D. Understanding cause of illness: Preschoolers do not have the cognitive development to understand illness causation fully.