A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is in active labor.
The fetal monitor tracing shows late decelerations. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Elevate the client's legs.
Turn the client onto their side.
Palpate the client's uterus.
Increase the client's IV fluid infusion rate.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Elevating the client's legs is incorrect as an initial intervention. It is more important to address the potential cause of the late decelerations first.
Choice B rationale
Turning the client onto their side is correct. This intervention can improve blood flow to the fetus and reduce the pressure on the vena cava, potentially alleviating late decelerations.
Choice C rationale
Palpating the client's uterus is not the first action. It is essential to address maternal positioning and oxygenation issues first.
Choice D rationale
Increasing the client's IV fluid infusion rate may help, but it is not the initial action. Positioning changes can have an immediate effect on fetal oxygenation.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Wearing a loose-fitting bra does not help in managing mastitis. Proper breast support and continuing breastfeeding are important to keep the milk flowing and reduce inflammation.
Choice B rationale
Continuing to breastfeed helps to clear the infection and maintain milk supply. It ensures that the ducts are cleared, reducing inflammation and aiding recovery from mastitis.
Choice C rationale
Limiting fluid intake is not recommended. Adequate hydration is crucial to help with milk production and overall recovery, especially during an infection.
Choice D rationale
An abdominal sonogram is not relevant to the management of mastitis. Treatment focuses on antibiotics, pain relief, and continued breastfeeding. .
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Maternal age of 21 years is not considered a significant risk factor for gestational diabetes. Typically, advanced maternal age (35 years or older) is considered a risk factor due to changes in insulin resistance that occur with age.
Choice B rationale
A fasting blood glucose of 72 mg/dL is within the normal range and does not indicate a risk for gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes is usually diagnosed with fasting blood glucose levels higher than 95 mg/dL.
Choice C rationale
Previous newborn weighing 4.8 kg is a significant risk factor for gestational diabetes. Having a macrosomic (large) baby in a previous pregnancy is linked with an increased risk of developing gestational diabetes in subsequent pregnancies.
Choice D rationale
A prepregnancy BMI of 23 is within the normal range (18.5-24.9) and does not increase the risk of gestational diabetes. Higher BMI levels, particularly above 25, are associated with an increased risk.