A nurse is assessing a young child and suspects coarctation of the aorta based on which finding?
Diastolic murmur.
Hypotension.
Excessive crying.
Unequal upper and lower extremity pulses.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A diastolic murmur is not a typical finding in coarctation of the aorta. This condition is more commonly associated with systolic murmurs.
Choice B rationale
Hypotension is not a common finding in coarctation of the aorta. In fact, hypertension in the upper extremities is more typical due to the narrowing of the aorta.
Choice C rationale
Excessive crying is not a specific indicator of coarctation of the aorta. It can be a symptom of many different conditions and is not diagnostic.
Choice D rationale
Unequal upper and lower extremity pulses are a key finding in coarctation of the aorta. The narrowing of the aorta causes reduced blood flow to the lower extremities, resulting in weaker pulses compared to the upper extremities.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Talking to the baby each day at a special time can help build a bond and promote language development. However, it is not the most important factor in promoting the infant’s development of trust. Consistent and responsive caregiving is more crucial in building trust.
Choice B rationale
Having many caregivers caring for the baby can lead to inconsistency in caregiving. According to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, infants need consistent and reliable caregiving to develop a sense of trust. Multiple caregivers can create confusion and insecurity for the baby.
Choice C rationale
Stimulating the baby with many toys can promote cognitive and motor development. However, it is not the most important factor in promoting the infant’s development of trust. Consistent and responsive caregiving is more crucial in building trust.
Choice D rationale
Responding to the baby’s needs consistently is the most important factor in promoting the infant’s development of trust. According to Erikson’s theory, infants develop trust when their caregivers are reliable and responsive to their needs. This consistent caregiving helps the baby feel secure and builds a foundation for healthy emotional development. .
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Droplet precautions are used for infections spread through large respiratory droplets, such as influenza, but are not sufficient for measles.
Choice B rationale
Airborne precautions are necessary for measles, as it is spread through small droplets that can remain suspended in the air and travel over long distances.
Choice C rationale
Contact precautions are used for infections spread through direct contact with the patient or their environment, such as MRSA, but are not sufficient for measles.
Choice D rationale
A protective environment is used for patients with compromised immune systems to protect them from infections, not for preventing the spread of infections like measles.