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A nurse is assessing a young child and suspects coarctation of the aorta based on which finding?

A.

Diastolic murmur.

B.

Hypotension.

C.

Excessive crying.

D.

Unequal upper and lower extremity pulses.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

 

A diastolic murmur is not a typical finding in coarctation of the aorta. This condition is more commonly associated with systolic murmurs.

 

Choice B rationale

 

Hypotension is not a common finding in coarctation of the aorta. In fact, hypertension in the upper extremities is more typical due to the narrowing of the aorta.

 

Choice C rationale

 

Excessive crying is not a specific indicator of coarctation of the aorta. It can be a symptom of many different conditions and is not diagnostic.

 

Choice D rationale

 

Unequal upper and lower extremity pulses are a key finding in coarctation of the aorta. The narrowing of the aorta causes reduced blood flow to the lower extremities, resulting in weaker pulses compared to the upper extremities.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is suitable for assessing pain in infants and young children who cannot verbally communicate their pain. It evaluates five criteria to determine the level of pain.

Choice B rationale

The FACES scale is more appropriate for children aged 3 years and older who can point to the face that best represents their pain level.

Choice C rationale

The OUCHER scale is also designed for older children who can understand and use the photographic or numerical scale to indicate their pain.

Choice D rationale

The PANAD scale is used for assessing pain in patients with advanced dementia and is not suitable for infants.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Sitting on a nurse’s lap leaning forward is a position that can be used for postural drainage in infants with cystic fibrosis. This position helps drain secretions from the upper lobes of the lungs.

Choice B rationale

The supine position (lying on the back) is also used for postural drainage to target different areas of the lungs. It is not contraindicated for infants with cystic fibrosis.

Choice C rationale

Sitting on a nurse’s lap leaning backward is another position that can be used for postural drainage. This position helps drain secretions from the lower lobes of the lungs.

Choice D rationale

The Trendelenburg position (lying flat on the back with the feet elevated higher than the head) is contraindicated for infants with cystic fibrosis. This position can increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration, which can worsen respiratory symptoms.

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