A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations?
Constipation
Sensitivity to cold
Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lbs) in 3 weeks
Frequent mood changes
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A Reason:
Constipation is not typically associated with hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism usually speeds up the body’s metabolism, leading to symptoms like increased bowel movements or diarrhea rather than constipation.
Choice B Reason:
Sensitivity to cold is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, where the body’s metabolism slows down. In hyperthyroidism, patients often experience heat intolerance due to an increased metabolic rate.
Choice C Reason:
Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lbs) in 3 weeks is also more indicative of hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism generally causes weight loss despite an increased appetite because of the accelerated metabolism.
Choice D Reason:
Frequent mood changes are a common symptom of hyperthyroidism. The excess thyroid hormones can affect the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, and mood swings.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Tamoxifen
Tamoxifen is a medication primarily used to treat breast cancer. It works as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), which means it blocks estrogen receptors in breast tissue. Estrogen can promote the growth of breast cancer cells, so blocking its effects can help to slow or stop the growth of these cells. However, tamoxifen is not typically used for prostate cancer because prostate cancer is driven by androgens (male hormones) rather than estrogens.
Choice B: Leuprolide
Leuprolide is a medication commonly used in the treatment of prostate cancer. It is a type of hormone therapy known as a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist. Leuprolide works by reducing the production of testosterone, a hormone that can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells. By lowering testosterone levels, leuprolide helps to slow the progression of prostate cancer and can be used in various stages of the disease.
Choice C: Finasteride
Finasteride is a medication used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and male pattern baldness. It works by inhibiting the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). While finasteride can reduce the size of the prostate and improve urinary symptoms in BPH, it is not typically used as a primary treatment for prostate cancer. Its role in prostate cancer is more preventive, as it can lower the risk of developing the disease.
Choice D: Cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancer, including lymphomas, leukemias, and some solid tumors. It works by interfering with the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from dividing and growing. While cyclophosphamide can be used in certain cancer treatments, it is not a standard treatment for prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is more commonly treated with hormone therapy, targeted therapy, or other specific chemotherapy agents.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Supported Sims:
The Supported Sims position involves lying on one side with the lower arm behind the back and the upper thigh flexed. This position is not typically recommended for postoperative cholecystectomy patients as it does not provide optimal support for breathing and comfort.
Choice B reason: Semi-Fowler’s:
The Semi-Fowler’s position, where the head of the bed is elevated to about 30-45 degrees, is ideal for postoperative cholecystectomy patients. This position helps facilitate breathing, reduces the risk of aspiration, and promotes comfort by reducing tension on the abdominal muscles.
Choice C reason: Dorsal recumbent:
The Dorsal recumbent position involves lying flat on the back with knees bent and feet flat on the bed. While this position can be used for certain procedures, it is not the most comfortable or beneficial for postoperative cholecystectomy patients as it can increase abdominal pressure and discomfort.
Choice D reason: Prone:
The Prone position, where the patient lies flat on their stomach, is not suitable for postoperative cholecystectomy patients. This position can cause discomfort and does not support optimal breathing or reduce abdominal tension.
