A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations?
Constipation
Sensitivity to cold
Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lbs) in 3 weeks
Frequent mood changes
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A Reason:
Constipation is not typically associated with hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism usually speeds up the body’s metabolism, leading to symptoms like increased bowel movements or diarrhea rather than constipation.
Choice B Reason:
Sensitivity to cold is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, where the body’s metabolism slows down. In hyperthyroidism, patients often experience heat intolerance due to an increased metabolic rate.
Choice C Reason:
Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lbs) in 3 weeks is also more indicative of hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism generally causes weight loss despite an increased appetite because of the accelerated metabolism.
Choice D Reason:
Frequent mood changes are a common symptom of hyperthyroidism. The excess thyroid hormones can affect the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, and mood swings.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Place a black tag on the client’s upper body and attempt to help the next client in need:
In mass casualty incidents, triage is used to prioritize treatment based on the severity of injuries and the likelihood of survival. A black tag indicates that the victim is deceased or has injuries that are not compatible with life and that resources should be directed to those who have a better chance of survival. Since the client remains apneic even after repositioning the airway, it indicates that they are not breathing and have a very low chance of survival.
Choice B reason: Reposition the client’s upper airway a second time before assessing his respirations:
While ensuring the airway is open is crucial, if the client remains apneic after the initial repositioning, further attempts are unlikely to be successful in a mass casualty scenario where time and resources are limited2. The priority is to move on to other victims who may have a higher chance of survival.
Choice C reason: Start CPR:
In a mass casualty situation, CPR is typically not initiated for victims who are apneic and pulseless due to the need to allocate resources to those who have a higher likelihood of survival3. The focus is on providing immediate care to those who can benefit the most from it.
Choice D reason: Place a red tag on the client’s upper body and obtain immediate help from other personnel:
A red tag is used for victims who require immediate life-saving interventions and have a high chance of survival if treated promptly4. Since the client is apneic and remains so after airway repositioning, they do not meet the criteria for a red tag.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A: Ulnar Deviation
Ulnar deviation, or the bending of the fingers towards the ulna (the outer bone of the forearm), is more commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis rather than osteoarthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis typically affects the joints symmetrically and can lead to deformities such as ulnar deviation due to chronic inflammation.
Choice B: Symmetric Joints Affected
Symmetric joint involvement is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis usually affects joints asymmetrically, meaning it can affect one joint more than the other. It commonly affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine.
Choice C: Pain Worsens with Activity
Pain that worsens with activity is a hallmark symptom of osteoarthritis. This condition is caused by the breakdown of cartilage in the joints, leading to pain and stiffness, especially after physical activity. The pain typically improves with rest but can become more persistent as the disease progresses.
Choice D: Weight Loss
Weight loss is not a typical manifestation of osteoarthritis. In fact, being overweight or obese is a risk factor for developing osteoarthritis, particularly in weight-bearing joints. Weight management is often recommended to help reduce the stress on affected joints and alleviate symptoms.
