A nurse is assessing a client before administering a unit of packed RBCs. The nurse should identify which of the following data as most important to obtain prior to the infusion?
Skin color
Hemoglobin level
Fluid intake
Temperature
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. While skin color may be an indicator of overall health, it is not the most crucial data point before administering packed RBCs.
B. The hemoglobin level is the most important data to assess before administering packed RBCs, as it provides direct information about the client’s need for the blood transfusion and helps evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.
C. Fluid intake is important in overall client assessment but is not as immediately relevant as hemoglobin levels when preparing to administer packed RBCs.
D. Temperature should be monitored to check for any signs of infection, but it is not the primary concern when deciding to proceed with a blood transfusion.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Taking bronchodilators before meals can help improve breathing, which is essential for eating comfortably, so it is better to take them before meals rather than after.
B. Resting before eating helps conserve energy and can make eating easier for individuals with COPD.
C. Eating small, frequent meals is beneficial for managing COPD because it prevents large meals that can lead to respiratory discomfort.
D. Choosing non-gas-forming foods can help reduce abdominal distention and discomfort during meals for individuals with COPD.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Self-stigma refers to the internalized negative beliefs a person may have about their own mental illness, not external fears about others.
B. Institutional stigma involves policies or practices within organizations that discriminate against those with mental illness, not individual fears.
C. Cultural stigma refers to societal attitudes and beliefs about mental illness within a specific culture, not individual fears about safety.
D. Public stigma involves widespread negative beliefs and stereotypes about mental illness, which can contribute to fears that individuals with schizophrenia are dangerous to others.