A medical assistant is escorting a patient who has presbyopia. Which of the following actions should the assistant take?
Offer the patient their elbow for guidance.
Take the patient's hand.
Lead the patient by their arm.
Guide the patient by holding their waist.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Offer the patient their elbow for guidance: Offering the elbow is a common and safe method of guiding patients with visual impairments, including presbyopia, because it allows the patient to follow the assistant's movements more easily.
B. Take the patient's hand. Taking the patient's hand might make the patient feel less secure and can lead to an imbalance. It is less effective than offering the elbow.
C. Lead the patient by their arm: Leading the patient by their arm can be uncomfortable and does not provide the same level of control as offering the elbow.
D. Guide the patient by holding their waist: Holding the waist is inappropriate as it invades personal space and might make the patient uncomfortable.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Blood vessel constriction: Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor, meaning it causes blood vessels to narrow, which increases blood pressure and is often used in emergency situations like anaphylaxis.
B. Calming effect: Epinephrine does not have a calming effect; it stimulates the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness.
C. Decrease in blood pressure: Epinephrine increases blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction, not a decrease.
D. Pain control: Epinephrine is not used for pain control; it is used to treat severe allergic reactions, asthma attacks, and cardiac arrest.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. 1: Checking the medication order against the label only once is insufficient for ensuring accuracy.
B. 2: While checking twice is better than once, the standard practice is to check three times for maximum accuracy.
C. 3: The "three checks" method involves checking the medication order against the label at three key points: when selecting the medication, when preparing it, and before administering it to the patient.
D. 4: Checking four times is not a standard practice and could be excessive; three checks are considered sufficient.