A client is receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) while admitted in the inpatient setting. Which of the following conditions can occur if the nurse abruptly stops TPN?
Diarrhea
Hypoglycemia
Hypovolemia
Erythema at the site
The Correct Answer is B
A. Diarrhea is not a direct risk of stopping TPN abruptly.
B. Abruptly stopping TPN can cause hypoglycemia because the high glucose content in TPN leads to increased insulin production. Without the continuous glucose infusion, blood sugar levels can drop rapidly.
C. Hypovolemia is not a common outcome from stopping TPN suddenly.
D. Erythema at the site is unrelated to the cessation of TPN and more commonly related to local site reactions or infection.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Nystatin is an antifungal medication used to treat oral candidiasis (thrush), which is consistent with the client's symptoms of soreness in the mouth and the presence of a white, milky plaque that does not rub off.
B. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections but would not be effective against fungal infections like oral thrush.
C. Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication, which is not appropriate for treating oral candidiasis.
D. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by certain viruses, such as herpes, and is not effective for fungal infections like thrush.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Folic acid does not specifically lower blood glucose; rather, it is primarily involved in DNA synthesis and cell division.
B. Folic acid is essential during pregnancy as it significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, in the developing fetus, making it a critical nutrient for pregnant women.
C. Folic acid does not prevent celiac disease; rather, celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder related to gluten intake.
D. While some studies suggest that folic acid may have a role in reducing the frequency of migraines, it is not a primary indication during pregnancy.