A client exposed to anthrax has presented to the healthcare setting. Which of the following medications below is the treatment for this biological exposure?
Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin)
Nystatin (Mycostatin)
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Tamoxifen
The Correct Answer is C
A. Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin): Amoxicillin/clavulanate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic but not the preferred choice for anthrax exposure.
B. Nystatin (Mycostatin): Nystatin is an antifungal medication used for treating fungal infections, such as oral thrush or cutaneous candidiasis. It is not effective against anthrax, which is a bacterial infection.
C. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro): Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, is the recommended first-line antibiotic for treating anthrax exposure due to its efficacy against Bacillus anthracis, the bacteria causing anthrax.
D. Tamoxifen: Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used primarily in the treatment of breast cancer. It has no role in treating bacterial infections like anthrax.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Staining of teeth: Rifampin is not known to stain teeth.
B. Orange colored secretions: Rifampin commonly causes orange discoloration of body fluids, including urine, tears, and sweat. This is harmless but can be alarming if the client is not forewarned.
C. Constipation: Constipation is not a typical side effect of rifampin.
D. White-colored stools: Rifampin does not cause white-colored stools, but bile duct obstruction could.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Clotting Factors: Epoetin alfa does not directly influence clotting factors.
B. Hemoglobin & hematocrit: Epoetin alfa is used to stimulate red blood cell production, which increases hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Monitoring these values helps determine the drug’s therapeutic effectiveness in improving anemia associated with chronic renal disease.
C. Leukocyte Count: This medication primarily affects red blood cells, not white blood cells (leukocytes).
D. ALT & AST: These are liver function tests and are not related to the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa.