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A by-product of protein catabolism is called__________.

A.

azotemia

B.

creatinine

C.

uric acid

D.

urea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Azotemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of nitrogenous waste products in the blood, not a direct by-product of protein catabolism.

 

B. Creatinine is a by-product of muscle metabolism, not directly from protein catabolism. 

 

C. Uric acid is a by-product of nucleic acid metabolism, not protein catabolism. 

 

D. Urea is a primary by-product of protein catabolism, formed in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. This is the correct answer.


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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Trypsin functions in the small intestine, where the environment is slightly alkaline. Therefore, this enzyme does not function at a low pH.

B. Pancreatic amylase also functions in the small intestine, where the pH is neutral to slightly alkaline.

C. Pepsin functions in the stomach, where the environment is highly acidic (pH 1.5 to 2). Pepsin is the correct answer because it works optimally at this low pH.

D. Salivary amylase functions in the mouth, where the pH is neutral or slightly alkaline.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Lactateis produced during anaerobic metabolism (when oxygen is scarce) as a byproduct of glycolysis, but it is not the direct product of glycolysis itself.

B. Carbon dioxideis a byproduct of cellular respiration, specifically during the Krebs cycle, not glycolysis.

C. Pyruvateis the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate.

D. Acetyl-CoAis formed from pyruvate during the transition step before the Krebs cycle, not directly from glycolysis.

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