A 5-year-old girl presents to the clinic with a urinary tract infection (UTI). After educating the family on preventing recurrent infections, what statement by the family indicates further teaching is needed?
"We will increase our child's fiber intake."
"We will teach our child to wipe from front to back."
"My child may need a follow-up to a specialist due to recurrent infections."
"No additional testing is required after the course of antibiotics are complete."
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Increasing fiber intake is beneficial for overall digestive health and can prevent constipation, which may help in reducing the risk of UTIs.
B. Wiping from front to back is crucial in preventing the spread of bacteria from the anal area to the urinary tract, reducing the risk of recurrent UTIs.
C. Follow-up with a specialist may be necessary if the child has recurrent UTIs, to rule out underlying issues such as vesicoureteral reflux.
D. No additional testing after antibiotics might be needed for a simple UTI, but in cases of recurrent UTIs, further testing is often required to ensure the infection has resolved and to investigate any underlying causes.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Topical corticosteroid ointments are commonly used to reduce inflammation and treat flare-ups in children with eczema. The nurse should instruct the parent on the proper use of these medications.
B. Bubble baths can be irritating to the skin and should be avoided, especially in children with eczema, as they can exacerbate dryness and irritation.
C. The skin should be patted dry rather than rubbed, and moisturizers should be applied while the skin is still slightly damp to help retain moisture.
D. Fabric softeners can be irritating to sensitive skin and are not recommended for laundering the clothing of children with eczema.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Applying topical diphenhydramine may help with local itching but is not the priority in a child with a known allergy to insect stings.
B. A cool pack can reduce swelling but is not the priority action if an allergic reaction is suspected.
C. Positioning the child with legs elevated is appropriate if there are signs of shock but does not address the immediate risk of airway compromise.
D. Assessing the client's airway and breathing rate is the priority because a child with a known allergy to insect stings is at risk for anaphylaxis, which can cause airway obstruction and respiratory distress. Early recognition and intervention are critical.